[2019年湖北襄阳中考] ---How strange! You sit in your room________ for a long time, Li Ming.

3. 表方式、手段或工具的介词
介词 用法 例句
by by+交通工具单数 He goes to school by bus.
by+ doing He learns English by listening to the radio.
in in+语言/具体的工具 ①Please speak it in English.
②Don't write it in pencil.
on 表示用收音机、电视等 He is listening to music on the radio.
with 表示用某种工具或身体器官 Cut the bag with the knife.
 
 
【经典例题14】[2019年 恩施州中考] ---I never see Linda take a taxi to work.
---To live a low-carbon life, she always goes to work ______her bike instead of______ taxi.
A. by; by                 B. on; by                 C. on; in
【答案】B
【解析】考查出行方式的表达。句意:我从来没见琳达乘出租车上班。为了低碳生活,她总是骑自行车上班,而不是乘出租车。by +交通工具意为:乘坐……;on意为:在……之上,on one’s bike意为:骑自行车;in意为:在……里面,in one’s car意为:坐小汽车。
【经典例题15】[2019年 河北中考] This story is_________ simple English. My little sister can read it.
A. for                  B. in                  C. with                  D. by
【答案】B
【解析】句意:这个故事是用简单的英语写的,我妹妹能读它。for为了, in在……里面,用;with有,用;by被;根据My little sister can read it.可知是用简单的英语,in用,指用什么语言;with用,指用什么工具,选B。
4. 其它常见介词
介词 用法 例句
about 关于 What’s your excuse about your being late yesterday? 你昨天迟到的借口是什么?
against/for 反对/赞成 We are against/for your advice.
我们反对/赞成你的建议。
as 作为,.....的身份 We choose him as captain of our team.
我们选他当我们的队长
besides 除....之外,还有.....
指在原基础上增加
I like basketball besides football.
除了足球外,我还喜欢篮球。
except 除......之外,(不包括在内)
指从整体中排除
We are all here except LI Ming.
除了李明之外,我们都在这里。
like 像...样 My teacher talked to me like my father.
老师像父亲一样和我聊天。
including 包括,包含 Ten people were killed in the traffic accident, including a baby.在这一次交通事故中有10 人丧生,其中包括一个婴儿。
towards 朝.....方向 A dog is running towards me.
一条 狗 正 向 我 跑来。
without 没有
反义词with,具有/带有
He left angrily without saying a word.
他一句话没说就生气地离开了。
 
 
【经典例题16】[2019年 辽宁铁岭中考] Humans can not make progress __________ dreams.
A. with                B. without            C. through             D. about
【答案】B
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:人类没有梦想就不能进步。with意为:和,表伴随;without意为:没有,表伴随;through意为:穿过;about意为:关于。根据Humans cannot make progress可知,without dreams符合语境,选B。
【经典例题17】[2019年 呼和浩特中考] Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavily ________the windows.
A. against                 B. across                 C. above                 D. below
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:当雨开始猛烈地敲打窗户时,本正在帮助他的母亲。against意为:碰,撞 ;across意为:横过,指从一边到另一边;above意为:在…上面/高于;below意为:在…下面/低于。beat against sth.反复敲打某物,固定短语;根据句意语境,可知选A。
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