3. 表方式、手段或工具的介词
【经典例题14】[2019年 恩施州中考] ---I never see Linda take a taxi to work.
---To live a low-carbon life, she always goes to work ______her bike instead of______ taxi.
A. by; by B. on; by C. on; in
【答案】B
【解析】考查出行方式的表达。句意:我从来没见琳达乘出租车上班。为了低碳生活,她总是骑自行车上班,而不是乘出租车。by +交通工具意为:乘坐……;on意为:在……之上,on one’s bike意为:骑自行车;in意为:在……里面,in one’s car意为:坐小汽车。
【经典例题15】[2019年 河北中考] This story is_________ simple English. My little sister can read it.
A. for B. in C. with D. by
【答案】B
【解析】句意:这个故事是用简单的英语写的,我妹妹能读它。for为了, in在……里面,用;with有,用;by被;根据My little sister can read it.可知是用简单的英语,in用,指用什么语言;with用,指用什么工具,选B。
4. 其它常见介词
【经典例题16】[2019年 辽宁铁岭中考] Humans can not make progress __________ dreams.
A. with B. without C. through D. about
【答案】B
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:人类没有梦想就不能进步。with意为:和,表伴随;without意为:没有,表伴随;through意为:穿过;about意为:关于。根据Humans cannot make progress可知,without dreams符合语境,选B。
【经典例题17】[2019年 呼和浩特中考] Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavily ________the windows.
A. against B. across C. above D. below
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:当雨开始猛烈地敲打窗户时,本正在帮助他的母亲。against意为:碰,撞 ;across意为:横过,指从一边到另一边;above意为:在…上面/高于;below意为:在…下面/低于。beat against sth.反复敲打某物,固定短语;根据句意语境,可知选A。
介词 | 用法 | 例句 |
by | by+交通工具单数 | He goes to school by bus. |
by+ doing | He learns English by listening to the radio. | |
in | in+语言/具体的工具 | ①Please speak it in English. ②Don't write it in pencil. |
on | 表示用收音机、电视等 | He is listening to music on the radio. |
with | 表示用某种工具或身体器官 | Cut the bag with the knife. |
【经典例题14】[2019年 恩施州中考] ---I never see Linda take a taxi to work.
---To live a low-carbon life, she always goes to work ______her bike instead of______ taxi.
A. by; by B. on; by C. on; in
【答案】B
【解析】考查出行方式的表达。句意:我从来没见琳达乘出租车上班。为了低碳生活,她总是骑自行车上班,而不是乘出租车。by +交通工具意为:乘坐……;on意为:在……之上,on one’s bike意为:骑自行车;in意为:在……里面,in one’s car意为:坐小汽车。
【经典例题15】[2019年 河北中考] This story is_________ simple English. My little sister can read it.
A. for B. in C. with D. by
【答案】B
【解析】句意:这个故事是用简单的英语写的,我妹妹能读它。for为了, in在……里面,用;with有,用;by被;根据My little sister can read it.可知是用简单的英语,in用,指用什么语言;with用,指用什么工具,选B。
4. 其它常见介词
介词 | 用法 | 例句 |
about | 关于 | What’s your excuse about your being late yesterday? 你昨天迟到的借口是什么? |
against/for | 反对/赞成 | We are against/for your advice. 我们反对/赞成你的建议。 |
as | 作为,.....的身份 | We choose him as captain of our team. 我们选他当我们的队长 |
besides | 除....之外,还有..... 指在原基础上增加 |
I like basketball besides football. 除了足球外,我还喜欢篮球。 |
except | 除......之外,(不包括在内) 指从整体中排除 |
We are all here except LI Ming. 除了李明之外,我们都在这里。 |
like | 像...样 | My teacher talked to me like my father. 老师像父亲一样和我聊天。 |
including | 包括,包含 | Ten people were killed in the traffic accident, including a baby.在这一次交通事故中有10 人丧生,其中包括一个婴儿。 |
towards | 朝.....方向 | A dog is running towards me. 一条 狗 正 向 我 跑来。 |
without | 没有 反义词with,具有/带有 |
He left angrily without saying a word. 他一句话没说就生气地离开了。 |
【经典例题16】[2019年 辽宁铁岭中考] Humans can not make progress __________ dreams.
A. with B. without C. through D. about
【答案】B
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:人类没有梦想就不能进步。with意为:和,表伴随;without意为:没有,表伴随;through意为:穿过;about意为:关于。根据Humans cannot make progress可知,without dreams符合语境,选B。
【经典例题17】[2019年 呼和浩特中考] Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavily ________the windows.
A. against B. across C. above D. below
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:当雨开始猛烈地敲打窗户时,本正在帮助他的母亲。against意为:碰,撞 ;across意为:横过,指从一边到另一边;above意为:在…上面/高于;below意为:在…下面/低于。beat against sth.反复敲打某物,固定短语;根据句意语境,可知选A。