How can we protect the Earth? One problem to solve is climate(气候)change. You might wonder about clim

Passage 12(2020 •潍坊市)
根据短文内容,从下列选项中选出能填人文中空白处的最佳选项,选项中有一项为多余选项。
How can we protect the Earth? One problem to solve is climate(气候)change. You might wonder about climate change. What is it, exactly?
Gases surround the Earth. ___12___ Sunlight passes down through the gases. The gases trap(储存)the sun's heat and act like blanket. Without these gases, the Earth would be very cold. The trouble comes when humans add too many gases to the atmosphere. The gases build up and trap even more heat. This causes changes in climate. The Earth becomes too warm.
___13___ There's another gas causing climate change. No one talks about it as much. It is nitrous oxide(氧化亚氮). Many call it laughing gas. Dentists may give patients nitrous oxide so they will not feel pain. The atmosphere has small amounts of nitrous oxide. But nitrous oxide can stay in the atmosphere more than 100 years which can change the climate a lot.
Nitrous oxide forms naturally. ___14___ Bacteria are living organisms(生物)made of single cells. Farmers use nitrogen fertilizer(氮肥)to help grow bigger crops. The bacteria in the soil take the nitrogen from the fertilizer and make more nitrous oxide with it.
So how can we help? "Number one is to not waste food," Wagner Riddle, a scientist from Canada, said. ___15___ That number comes from a U. S. university study. "There is a lot that goes into making food", Wagner Riddle says. "So then if it's wasted, it's for nothing."
A. That's the reason for climate change.
B. It comes from bacteria(细菌)that live in the dirt.
C. Carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)is one gas that traps heat.
D. More than one-third of all food created in the U. S. is wasted.
E. These gases reach high into the sky and are called the atmosphere(大气层).
本文介绍了什么是气候变化,引起气候变化的原因以及我们如何做能减少氧化亚氮的产生。
12.E【解析】根据Gases surround the Earth“大气环绕着地球”及Sunlight passes down through the gases“阳光通过大气照射下来”,可知,此空讲述与这些大气有关的内容。结合所给选项,此空填E选项,表示“这些大气升到高空,并叫作大气层”。故选E。
13.C【解析】根据There's another gas causing climate change“这是另一个引起气候改变的气体”,可知,此空介绍另一种气体。结合所给选项,此空填C选项,表示“二氧化碳是一种储存热量的气体”。故选C。
14.B【解析】根据Bacteria are living organisms(生物)made of single cells“细菌是由单细胞组成的生物”,可知,此空是讲述与细菌有关的内容。结合所给选项,此空填B选项,表示“它来自生活在泥土里的细菌”。故选B。
15.D【解析】根据So how can we help? "Number one is to not waste food,"“所以我们如何可以帮忙?第一件事情就是不要浪费食物”,可知,此空是讲述与浪费食物有关的内容。结合所给选项,此空填D选项,表示“美国生产的食物中有超过三分之一被浪费了”。故选D。
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