Passage 42(2018广州)
Getting electricity has always been a problem for the 173 people living in Nuevo Saposoa, a small village in Peru, South America. However, things went from bad to worse in March 2015 after heavy rains damaged the only power cables in the area. The villagers were forced to use oil lamps, which are not only epensive but also dangerous because of the harmful gases they produce.
Lucily，researchers at the University of Technology (UT) in Lima, Peru heard about their problem and found a wonderful solution. They made a lamp that can be powered by plants and soil, both of which can be easily found in the Amaonian rainforest where the village lies. The lamp taes energy from a plant growing in a wooden bo and uses it to light up an LED light bulb.
While that may sound amaing and even impossible, the science behind the idea is quite simple. As plants create their food(using the sun's energy, water and chemicals from the soil), they also produce waste which they return to the soil. Tiny animals in the soil eat this waste and they produce electrons — the building blocs of electrical energy. The UT team put special stics inside the soil to capture the energy and eep it in the lamp's batteries for later use. The researchers say a single charge can power a 50watt LED light for two hours — enough time for local villagers to get their evening wor done.
The university gave ten Plant Lamps to the villagers of Nuevo Saposoa in October 2015. So far, they have been a huge success! Elmer Ramire, the UT professor who invented the lamp believes the Plant Lamp could help improve the lives of many people, especially small rainforest communities, 42% of whom have no electricity.
( )1. What are the problems of oil lamps according to Paragraph 1?
A. They are difficult to use and create pollution.
B. They are epensive to buy and easily damaged.
C. They are difficult to repair and produce little light.
D. They are epensive to use and can be bad for health.
( )2. The electricity made by the Plant Lamp comes from________．
A. plant food B. plant waste
C. the soil's heat D. the sun's energy
( )3. What is true about the Plant Lamp?
A. It can be made by local people.
B. It is much easier to use than oil lamps.
C. It can produce all the electricity the village needs.
D. The things it needs to mae electricity are easy to find.
( )4. The Plant Lamp's inventor believes it could be most helpful for________．
A. rainforest communities B. cars
C. poor people in cities D. farmers
( )5. What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To report on a new invention.
B. To eplain a new scientific theory.
C. To describe how electricity is made.
D. To discuss the problems of poor villages.
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一项新的发明，它能够让没有供电的雨林地区的人们利用丰富的植物资制造一种新的“植物电灯”。
1 D【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据第一段，油灯的问题是什么的？从第一段最后一句可知，油灯不仅贵，而且会产生有害气体。故选D。
2 B【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：植物灯的电自哪里？ 从第三段中的“Tiny animals in the soil eat this waste and they produce electronsthe building blocs of electrical energy.”可知土壤里的微生物吃掉了植物产生的废物并生成了电子，因此这种植物灯所产生的电于植物所产生的废物。故选B。
3 D【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：有关植物灯的叙述哪一项是正确的？根据第二段中的“They made a lamp that can be powered by plants and soil, both of which can be easily found...”可知选D。
4. A【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：植物灯的发明者认为其对最有用？从文中最后一句可知A正确。故选A。
5. A【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：写这篇文章的目的是什么？纵观全文，可知是在介绍一种新的发明。故选A
Getting electricity has always been a problem for the 173 people living in Nuevo Saposoa, a small village in Peru, South America. However, things went from bad to worse in March 2015 after heavy rains damaged the only power cables in the area. The villagers were forced to use oil lamps, which are not only epensive but also dangerous because of the harmful gases they produce.
Lucily，researchers at the University of Technology (UT) in Lima, Peru heard about their problem and found a wonderful solution. They made a lamp that can be powered by plants and soil, both of which can be easily found in the Amaonian rainforest where the village lies. The lamp taes energy from a plant growing in a wooden bo and uses it to light up an LED light bulb.
While that may sound amaing and even impossible, the science behind the idea is quite simple. As plants create their food(using the sun's energy, water and chemicals from the soil), they also produce waste which they return to the soil. Tiny animals in the soil eat this waste and they produce electrons — the building blocs of electrical energy. The UT team put special stics inside the soil to capture the energy and eep it in the lamp's batteries for later use. The researchers say a single charge can power a 50watt LED light for two hours — enough time for local villagers to get their evening wor done.
The university gave ten Plant Lamps to the villagers of Nuevo Saposoa in October 2015. So far, they have been a huge success! Elmer Ramire, the UT professor who invented the lamp believes the Plant Lamp could help improve the lives of many people, especially small rainforest communities, 42% of whom have no electricity.
( )1. What are the problems of oil lamps according to Paragraph 1?
A. They are difficult to use and create pollution.
B. They are epensive to buy and easily damaged.
C. They are difficult to repair and produce little light.
D. They are epensive to use and can be bad for health.
( )2. The electricity made by the Plant Lamp comes from________．
A. plant food B. plant waste
C. the soil's heat D. the sun's energy
( )3. What is true about the Plant Lamp?
A. It can be made by local people.
B. It is much easier to use than oil lamps.
C. It can produce all the electricity the village needs.
D. The things it needs to mae electricity are easy to find.
( )4. The Plant Lamp's inventor believes it could be most helpful for________．
A. rainforest communities B. cars
C. poor people in cities D. farmers
( )5. What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To report on a new invention.
B. To eplain a new scientific theory.
C. To describe how electricity is made.
D. To discuss the problems of poor villages.
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一项新的发明，它能够让没有供电的雨林地区的人们利用丰富的植物资制造一种新的“植物电灯”。
1 D【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据第一段，油灯的问题是什么的？从第一段最后一句可知，油灯不仅贵，而且会产生有害气体。故选D。
2 B【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：植物灯的电自哪里？ 从第三段中的“Tiny animals in the soil eat this waste and they produce electronsthe building blocs of electrical energy.”可知土壤里的微生物吃掉了植物产生的废物并生成了电子，因此这种植物灯所产生的电于植物所产生的废物。故选B。
3 D【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：有关植物灯的叙述哪一项是正确的？根据第二段中的“They made a lamp that can be powered by plants and soil, both of which can be easily found...”可知选D。
4. A【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：植物灯的发明者认为其对最有用？从文中最后一句可知A正确。故选A。
5. A【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：写这篇文章的目的是什么？纵观全文，可知是在介绍一种新的发明。故选A
