Passage 32(2018湖州)
In the modern age, human society runs on energy. Most machines need electricity to operate. Humans can not live without electricity even a single day both in their daily life and work. They have many different ways to create electricity. But some ways are harmful to the environment.
For example, fossil fuels(化石燃料) are the most common kind of energy. They include coal, oil, and natural gas. First, people have to dig them from the ground. This can sometimes harm the environment. However, scientists are creating cleaner and better ways to do that these days. So the environment is not harmed as much as before. But when people burn these fossil fuels, they can give off a lot of harmful gases, which is considered to be one of the greatest causes of global warming. This might harm the environment.
Tidal(潮汐) energy is another way to make electricity. This uses the ocean tides to make electricity. But some kinds of tidal energy can kill many fish and other sea animals. Also dams(大坝) can create lots of clean energy. But dams create lakes and change the way that rivers run. So they can do great harm to the balance of nature around the lakes and along the rivers.
Nuclear(核) energy is a very powerful form of energy. It is cheap. It is also very clean. But many people are afraid of it because it uses radioactive materials. Also, there have been some very serious accidents in the past which caused great harm both to human and nature. But the technology is much better these days. So many countries are starting to use nuclear energy more.
( )1. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE about fossil fuels?
A. They are dug from the ground.
B. They are considered expensive.
C. They hardly harm the environment.
D. They are not widely used in the world.
( )2. From the passage, we know that tidal energy can________．
A. cause serious accidents
B. change the way that rivers run
C. give off a lot of harmful gases
D. kill many living things in the ocean
( )3. Nowadays many countries start to use nuclear energy more because________．
A. it's a common kind of energy
B. people are not afraid of it now
C. it's cheap, clean and safer than before
D. people can't live without nuclear energy
( )4. The passage is probably in the part of ________ in a newspaper.
A. health B. science C. culture D. sports
Passage 6【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了三种电能的特点和生产方法：化石燃料，潮汐能，核能。
1A【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据这篇短文，下列关于化石燃料下面哪项是正确的？根据第二段第三句“First, people have to dig them from the ground.”可知，人们必须从地下挖掘化石燃料。故选A。
2D【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：从这篇文章中，我们知道潮汐能可以。根据第三段第三句“But some kinds of tidal energy can kill many fish and other sea animals.”可知潮汐会杀死海洋动物。故选D。
3C【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：现在许多国家开始更多使用核能是因为。根据短文最后一段第二、三句“It is cheap. It is also very clean.”和倒数第二、三句“Also, there have been some very serious accidents in the past which caused great harm both to human and nature. But the technology is much better these days.”可知，现在它便宜、干净，而且比过去更安全。故选C。
4. B【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：这篇短文可能在报纸的 部分。根据短文内容可知，文中主要介绍了电能及产生电能的三种方式，可知这是一篇关于科技的短文。故选B。
In the modern age, human society runs on energy. Most machines need electricity to operate. Humans can not live without electricity even a single day both in their daily life and work. They have many different ways to create electricity. But some ways are harmful to the environment.
For example, fossil fuels(化石燃料) are the most common kind of energy. They include coal, oil, and natural gas. First, people have to dig them from the ground. This can sometimes harm the environment. However, scientists are creating cleaner and better ways to do that these days. So the environment is not harmed as much as before. But when people burn these fossil fuels, they can give off a lot of harmful gases, which is considered to be one of the greatest causes of global warming. This might harm the environment.
Tidal(潮汐) energy is another way to make electricity. This uses the ocean tides to make electricity. But some kinds of tidal energy can kill many fish and other sea animals. Also dams(大坝) can create lots of clean energy. But dams create lakes and change the way that rivers run. So they can do great harm to the balance of nature around the lakes and along the rivers.
Nuclear(核) energy is a very powerful form of energy. It is cheap. It is also very clean. But many people are afraid of it because it uses radioactive materials. Also, there have been some very serious accidents in the past which caused great harm both to human and nature. But the technology is much better these days. So many countries are starting to use nuclear energy more.
( )1. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE about fossil fuels?
A. They are dug from the ground.
B. They are considered expensive.
C. They hardly harm the environment.
D. They are not widely used in the world.
( )2. From the passage, we know that tidal energy can________．
A. cause serious accidents
B. change the way that rivers run
C. give off a lot of harmful gases
D. kill many living things in the ocean
( )3. Nowadays many countries start to use nuclear energy more because________．
A. it's a common kind of energy
B. people are not afraid of it now
C. it's cheap, clean and safer than before
D. people can't live without nuclear energy
( )4. The passage is probably in the part of ________ in a newspaper.
A. health B. science C. culture D. sports
Passage 6【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了三种电能的特点和生产方法：化石燃料，潮汐能，核能。
1A【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据这篇短文，下列关于化石燃料下面哪项是正确的？根据第二段第三句“First, people have to dig them from the ground.”可知，人们必须从地下挖掘化石燃料。故选A。
2D【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：从这篇文章中，我们知道潮汐能可以。根据第三段第三句“But some kinds of tidal energy can kill many fish and other sea animals.”可知潮汐会杀死海洋动物。故选D。
3C【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：现在许多国家开始更多使用核能是因为。根据短文最后一段第二、三句“It is cheap. It is also very clean.”和倒数第二、三句“Also, there have been some very serious accidents in the past which caused great harm both to human and nature. But the technology is much better these days.”可知，现在它便宜、干净，而且比过去更安全。故选C。
4. B【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：这篇短文可能在报纸的 部分。根据短文内容可知，文中主要介绍了电能及产生电能的三种方式，可知这是一篇关于科技的短文。故选B。
