The world uses about a thousand million(百万) tons of water a day. Water is a human right and everyo

(五)【2019 • 安徽省中考】
    The world uses about a thousand million(百万) tons of water a day. Water is a human right and everyone should have their share. Yet more than 700 million people around the world have trouble getting clean, safe water.
Treating wastewater is a good way to provide fresh water for us. And it also helps the environment by keeping waste out of rivers and oceans. 80% of wastewater around the world is not treated at all, and it is running into oceans. But now we have got the technology to treat and reuse the wastewater.
While 75% of our planet is covered with water, only about 2% is fresh water—that comes from rivers, lakes, ice and snow. The rest, 98% of the water, is in seas and oceans. It is too salty to drink. Then desalination businesses come in. More than 19,000 factories have been built around the world, mostly in coastal countries. They process (加工) more than 92 million tons of water every day. But the technology they use requires a lot of energy.
Scientists are working to create a less costly technology. They want to produce 20 times more clean water and make sure everyone has enough. But for now, the world still faces each day with not having enough water for everyone.
18. How many people have trouble in getting clean water around the world?
A. Under 10 million. B. Only 19 million.
C. About 92 million. D. Over 700 million.
19. Treating wastewater helps the environment by ___________.
A. storing waste in ice and snow B. letting waste run into oceans
C. keeping waste out of rivers and oceans D. sending waste to coastal countries
20. What does the underlined word "desalination" in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. 远洋运输 B. 潮汐发电 C. 食盐销售 D. 海水淡化
21. At present, the technology to process water ___________.
A. needs much energy B. saves much money
C. satisfies everyone D. causes pollution
22. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Water should be a human right. B. The water problem is still serious.
C. Our planet is covered with water. D. Everyone has enough clean water.
【文章大意】"水是生命之源",我们的生活离不开水。但地球上的水资源是有限的,全世界很多地方的人们仍然没有办法获得干净、安全的水。现在我们有了一项新的技术,可以处理和再利用废水,但它需要大量的能源,因此科学家们正在努力创造一种成本更低的技术。
18. D【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第一段最后一句话Yet more than 700 million people around the world have trouble getting clean, safe water.可知,有超过7亿人在获得清洁、安全的水方面存在困难。由此可知应选D。
19. C【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第二段Treating wastewater is a good way to provide fresh water for us. And it also helps the environment by keeping waste out of rivers and oceans.可知,处理废水可以使废物远离河流和海洋,从而有利于保护环境。由此可知应选C。
20. D【解析】词义猜测题。根据单词所在的上下文语境The rest, 98% of the water, is in seas and oceans. It is too salty to drink. Then desalination businesses come in.,地球上98%的水在海洋里,是咸水不能喝,然后下文More than 19,000 factories have been built around the world提到了很多处理海水的工厂。由此可推测desalination的意思应该是"海水淡化",故应选D。
21. A【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第三段最后一句话But the technology they use requires a lot of energy.可知,现在处理海水的技术需要大量的能量。由此可知应选A。
22. B【解析】推理判断题。根据短文最后一句话But for now, the world still faces each day with not having enough water for everyone.可知,现在,世界每天仍然面临着没有足够的水供每个人使用。由此可知现在水问题仍然非常严重,故应选B。
 
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