Ⅴ.阅读理解
If the decision is up to Carol Dweck, the answer would likely be no. She's a psychology professor at Stanford University, California. She says a player doesn't have to be the best to get a trophy. But those who receive an award should have to work for it. She suggests trophies go to the most improved player, or the one who contributed most to the team spirit, as well as to those who play the best.
“The trophy has to stand for something,” Dweck told TFK. “If we give a trophy to everyone, then the award has no value.” Dweck argues that giving kids trophies for particular reasons, such as improving in a sport, teaches kids that adults value hard work and trying our best.
Others say that there's no harm in giving awards to all kids who play a sport, regardless of how they played or whether or not they improved.
“I think we should encourage kids' participation in sports,” says Kenneth Barish, a psychology professor at Weill Cornell Medical College, in New York City. “A trophy is one way to encourage kids' efforts.”
Barish argues that when we single out only the best or even the most improved players with a trophy, we are teaching kids the wrong lesson. We are sending the message that winning is everything. “Winning is only part of the equation (等式),” Barish told TFK. “Playing sports also teaches kids about teamwork and the importance of exercise.”
There will be plenty of opportunities for kids to learn about competition as they get older, says Barish. They'll soon realize that only one soccer team wins the World Cup and only one football team wins the Super Bowl. For now, he thinks there's nothing wrong with letting all kids who play a sport feel like winners. That means trophies for everyone.
36. According to Carol Dweck, which player should receive a trophy?
A. Tony, the most attractive player of the soccer team.
B. David, a soccer player who is both clever and funny.
C. Peter who is ready to help his partners to score goals.
D. Jim, a soccer player who tries his best to win the game
37. Which of the following statements would Kenneth Barish agree with?
A. There is no sense in giving a trophy to everyone.
B. Kids fond of playing sports should be rewarded.
C. Kids should be given trophies for trying their best.
D It is necessary to encourage kids' participation in sports.
38. The underlined phrase “single out” in Paragraph 6 probably means “________”．
A. honor B. choose
C. value D. stress
39. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Who deserves a trophy? B. All kids deserve a trophy
C. What does a trophy deserve? D. Best player deserves a trophy
【答案】36. C 37. D 38. B 39. A
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。如果孩子参加体育比赛，那么是不是每个人都该得到奖杯呢？文章就这个问题给出了两种不同的看法。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的She suggests trophies go to the most improved player, or the one who contributed most to the team spirit, as well as to those who play the best.可知，斯坦福大学的心理学教授Carol Dweck认为，进步最大的、对团队精神贡献最多的和表现最佳的运动员都应获奖。C项Peter, who is ready to help his partners to score goals.(彼得，他随时准备帮助他的伙伴们进球)符合题意。故选C。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“I think we should encourage kids' participation in sports,” says Kenneth Barish, a psychology professor at Weill Cornell Medical College, in New York City. “A trophy is one way to encourage kids' efforts.”可知，纽约市威尔康乃尔医学院的心理学教授Kenneth Barish认为，我们应该鼓励孩子参加体育活动，颁发奖杯就是一种激励方式。故选D。
【38题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第六段中的Barish argues that when we single out only the best or even the most improved players with a trophy, we are teaching kids the wrong lesson. We are sending the message that winning is everything.可知，Barish认为，当我们挑选出最佳球员或进步最大的球员并授予他们奖杯的时候，我们给孩子们传递了一个错误的信号：获胜就是一切。因此划线词组 single out意为“挑出”。故选B。
【39题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段You signed up for soccer, and played every game of the season. Sure, you're not the best player on the team, but most days you gave it your all. Do you deserve a trophy (奖杯)?(你报名参加了足球比赛，参加了本赛季的每一场比赛。当然，你不是队里最好的球员，但大多数时候你都是全力以赴。你应该得到一座奖杯吗?)和最后一段中For now, he thinks there's nothing wrong with letting all kids who play a sport feel like winners. That means trophies for everyone.(现在，他认为让所有参加体育运动的孩子都感觉自己是赢家并没有什么错。这意味着每个人都有奖杯)可知，本文主要论述了是不是每个参加比赛的人都该得到奖杯。由此推知，A项Who deserves a trophy?(谁应该获得奖杯?)符合题意，可以做最佳标题。故选A。
A
You signed up for soccer, and played every game of the season. Sure, you're not the best player on the team, but most days you gave it your all. Do you deserve a trophy (奖杯)?If the decision is up to Carol Dweck, the answer would likely be no. She's a psychology professor at Stanford University, California. She says a player doesn't have to be the best to get a trophy. But those who receive an award should have to work for it. She suggests trophies go to the most improved player, or the one who contributed most to the team spirit, as well as to those who play the best.
“The trophy has to stand for something,” Dweck told TFK. “If we give a trophy to everyone, then the award has no value.” Dweck argues that giving kids trophies for particular reasons, such as improving in a sport, teaches kids that adults value hard work and trying our best.
Others say that there's no harm in giving awards to all kids who play a sport, regardless of how they played or whether or not they improved.
“I think we should encourage kids' participation in sports,” says Kenneth Barish, a psychology professor at Weill Cornell Medical College, in New York City. “A trophy is one way to encourage kids' efforts.”
Barish argues that when we single out only the best or even the most improved players with a trophy, we are teaching kids the wrong lesson. We are sending the message that winning is everything. “Winning is only part of the equation (等式),” Barish told TFK. “Playing sports also teaches kids about teamwork and the importance of exercise.”
There will be plenty of opportunities for kids to learn about competition as they get older, says Barish. They'll soon realize that only one soccer team wins the World Cup and only one football team wins the Super Bowl. For now, he thinks there's nothing wrong with letting all kids who play a sport feel like winners. That means trophies for everyone.
36. According to Carol Dweck, which player should receive a trophy?
A. Tony, the most attractive player of the soccer team.
B. David, a soccer player who is both clever and funny.
C. Peter who is ready to help his partners to score goals.
D. Jim, a soccer player who tries his best to win the game
37. Which of the following statements would Kenneth Barish agree with?
A. There is no sense in giving a trophy to everyone.
B. Kids fond of playing sports should be rewarded.
C. Kids should be given trophies for trying their best.
D It is necessary to encourage kids' participation in sports.
38. The underlined phrase “single out” in Paragraph 6 probably means “________”．
A. honor B. choose
C. value D. stress
39. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Who deserves a trophy? B. All kids deserve a trophy
C. What does a trophy deserve? D. Best player deserves a trophy
【答案】36. C 37. D 38. B 39. A
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。如果孩子参加体育比赛，那么是不是每个人都该得到奖杯呢？文章就这个问题给出了两种不同的看法。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的She suggests trophies go to the most improved player, or the one who contributed most to the team spirit, as well as to those who play the best.可知，斯坦福大学的心理学教授Carol Dweck认为，进步最大的、对团队精神贡献最多的和表现最佳的运动员都应获奖。C项Peter, who is ready to help his partners to score goals.(彼得，他随时准备帮助他的伙伴们进球)符合题意。故选C。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“I think we should encourage kids' participation in sports,” says Kenneth Barish, a psychology professor at Weill Cornell Medical College, in New York City. “A trophy is one way to encourage kids' efforts.”可知，纽约市威尔康乃尔医学院的心理学教授Kenneth Barish认为，我们应该鼓励孩子参加体育活动，颁发奖杯就是一种激励方式。故选D。
【38题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第六段中的Barish argues that when we single out only the best or even the most improved players with a trophy, we are teaching kids the wrong lesson. We are sending the message that winning is everything.可知，Barish认为，当我们挑选出最佳球员或进步最大的球员并授予他们奖杯的时候，我们给孩子们传递了一个错误的信号：获胜就是一切。因此划线词组 single out意为“挑出”。故选B。
【39题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段You signed up for soccer, and played every game of the season. Sure, you're not the best player on the team, but most days you gave it your all. Do you deserve a trophy (奖杯)?(你报名参加了足球比赛，参加了本赛季的每一场比赛。当然，你不是队里最好的球员，但大多数时候你都是全力以赴。你应该得到一座奖杯吗?)和最后一段中For now, he thinks there's nothing wrong with letting all kids who play a sport feel like winners. That means trophies for everyone.(现在，他认为让所有参加体育运动的孩子都感觉自己是赢家并没有什么错。这意味着每个人都有奖杯)可知，本文主要论述了是不是每个参加比赛的人都该得到奖杯。由此推知，A项Who deserves a trophy?(谁应该获得奖杯?)符合题意，可以做最佳标题。故选A。
