四、 阅读理解
Scientists say they have discovered a possible cure for all five known Ebola viruses. Antibodies(抗体) that are used in the cure were discovered in the blood of a survivor.
Kartik Chandran of the Albert Einstein College of Medicine helped discover the antibodies. They are described online in the journal Cell. Chandran says studies of the antibody in nonhuman primates(非人灵长类动物) have shown positive results. He says he is optimistic that the antibodies can be used to protect and treat people, too.
The virus was given the name Ebola because the first recorded outbreak of the disease took place along the Ebola River in the Democratic Republic of Congo(DRC)—then known as Zaire—in 1976.
Since then, there have been about 24 Ebola outbreaks in Africa, including one happening now in the DRC. Nine people have been infected and three people have died. The most recent Ebola epidemic took place from 2013 to 2016. It killed more than 11，000 people and infected 29，000 in Liberia, Guinea and Sierra Leone.
During that epidemic, researchers were studying an antiEbola drug called Zmapp. Doctors began using it even before the study was complete. Zmapp uses antibodies discovered in mice. They use the body's natural immune system to fight infection. If the drug is given within five days after Ebola infection symptoms appear, it can cure the disease.
Promising results
But researcher Kartik Chandran says Zmapp is effective only against Ebola Zaire. It does not fight the other four known Ebola viruses.
Chandran says the recently discovered human antibodies attack and destroy all five of the viruses. Researchers say the antibodies work by interfering with a process that the disease uses to infect and multiply inside cells. Chandran says scientists discovered the antibodies in just six months.
The drug company Mapp Pharmaceutical Incorporated is now testing the antibodies in monkeys that have been exposed to Ebola. Spokespeople for the company say the antibodies have so far been safe and effective.
Chandran says he hopes the antibodies can also be tested in people soon. And, he says, he hopes they can finally be used both as a treatment and as a vaccine(疫苗) to prevent people from getting Ebola in the first place.
1. Where should the subtitle “A challenging history” be placed?
A. Between Paragraphs 1 and 2.
B. Between Paragraphs 2 and 3.
C. Between Paragraphs 3 and 4.
D. Between Paragraphs 4 and 5.
2. What do we know about Zmapp?
A. The study about it is a failure.
B. It mainly uses human antibodies.
C. Its medical function is limited.
D. It is only effective for five days.
3. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Ebola virus can multiply inside cells.
B. DRC suffers most from Ebola virus.
C. Ebola virus poses no threat to monkeys.
D. Human antibody relies on body's immune system.
4. What is the best title for the passage?
A. It's time for Ebola viruses to disappear
B. Scientists discover the cure for Ebola viruses
C. Zmapp loses advantage in fighting Ebola
D. A drug company contributes to fighting Ebola
四、 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了科学家发现了抵抗Ebola病毒的方法。
B 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Chandran says studies of the antibody in nonhuman primates have shown positive results. (Chandran说，在非人灵长类动物抗体的研究显示阳性抗体。)”及“He says he is optimistic that the antibodies can be used to protect and treat people, too.(他说他很乐观地认为，该抗体也可用于保护和治疗人)”；再根据第三段“The virus was given the name Ebola because the first recorded outbreak of the disease took place along the Ebola River in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)—then known as Zaire—in 1976.(该病毒被命名为埃博拉，是因为第一次该疾病有记录的爆发发生在1976年刚果民主共和国的埃博拉河沿岸，当时被称为扎伊尔。)”根据句意可推知小标题“A challenging history”应该放在第二段和第三段之间。
C 推理判断题。根据倒数第四段“But researcher Kartik Chandran says Zmapp is effective only against Ebola Zaire. It does not fight the other four known Ebola viruses.”可知，Zmapp的医学功能是有限的。
A 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Researchers say the antibodies work by interfering with a process that the disease uses to infect and multiply inside cells.”可知埃博拉病毒能在细胞内繁殖。
B 标题概括题。根据最后一段中“he hopes they can finally be used both as a treatment and as a vaccine to prevent people from getting Ebola in the first place”可知，科学家发现了抵抗Ebola病毒的方法。
Scientists say they have discovered a possible cure for all five known Ebola viruses. Antibodies(抗体) that are used in the cure were discovered in the blood of a survivor.
Kartik Chandran of the Albert Einstein College of Medicine helped discover the antibodies. They are described online in the journal Cell. Chandran says studies of the antibody in nonhuman primates(非人灵长类动物) have shown positive results. He says he is optimistic that the antibodies can be used to protect and treat people, too.
The virus was given the name Ebola because the first recorded outbreak of the disease took place along the Ebola River in the Democratic Republic of Congo(DRC)—then known as Zaire—in 1976.
Since then, there have been about 24 Ebola outbreaks in Africa, including one happening now in the DRC. Nine people have been infected and three people have died. The most recent Ebola epidemic took place from 2013 to 2016. It killed more than 11，000 people and infected 29，000 in Liberia, Guinea and Sierra Leone.
During that epidemic, researchers were studying an antiEbola drug called Zmapp. Doctors began using it even before the study was complete. Zmapp uses antibodies discovered in mice. They use the body's natural immune system to fight infection. If the drug is given within five days after Ebola infection symptoms appear, it can cure the disease.
Promising results
But researcher Kartik Chandran says Zmapp is effective only against Ebola Zaire. It does not fight the other four known Ebola viruses.
Chandran says the recently discovered human antibodies attack and destroy all five of the viruses. Researchers say the antibodies work by interfering with a process that the disease uses to infect and multiply inside cells. Chandran says scientists discovered the antibodies in just six months.
The drug company Mapp Pharmaceutical Incorporated is now testing the antibodies in monkeys that have been exposed to Ebola. Spokespeople for the company say the antibodies have so far been safe and effective.
Chandran says he hopes the antibodies can also be tested in people soon. And, he says, he hopes they can finally be used both as a treatment and as a vaccine(疫苗) to prevent people from getting Ebola in the first place.
1. Where should the subtitle “A challenging history” be placed?
A. Between Paragraphs 1 and 2.
B. Between Paragraphs 2 and 3.
C. Between Paragraphs 3 and 4.
D. Between Paragraphs 4 and 5.
2. What do we know about Zmapp?
A. The study about it is a failure.
B. It mainly uses human antibodies.
C. Its medical function is limited.
D. It is only effective for five days.
3. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Ebola virus can multiply inside cells.
B. DRC suffers most from Ebola virus.
C. Ebola virus poses no threat to monkeys.
D. Human antibody relies on body's immune system.
4. What is the best title for the passage?
A. It's time for Ebola viruses to disappear
B. Scientists discover the cure for Ebola viruses
C. Zmapp loses advantage in fighting Ebola
D. A drug company contributes to fighting Ebola
四、 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了科学家发现了抵抗Ebola病毒的方法。
B 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Chandran says studies of the antibody in nonhuman primates have shown positive results. (Chandran说，在非人灵长类动物抗体的研究显示阳性抗体。)”及“He says he is optimistic that the antibodies can be used to protect and treat people, too.(他说他很乐观地认为，该抗体也可用于保护和治疗人)”；再根据第三段“The virus was given the name Ebola because the first recorded outbreak of the disease took place along the Ebola River in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)—then known as Zaire—in 1976.(该病毒被命名为埃博拉，是因为第一次该疾病有记录的爆发发生在1976年刚果民主共和国的埃博拉河沿岸，当时被称为扎伊尔。)”根据句意可推知小标题“A challenging history”应该放在第二段和第三段之间。
C 推理判断题。根据倒数第四段“But researcher Kartik Chandran says Zmapp is effective only against Ebola Zaire. It does not fight the other four known Ebola viruses.”可知，Zmapp的医学功能是有限的。
A 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Researchers say the antibodies work by interfering with a process that the disease uses to infect and multiply inside cells.”可知埃博拉病毒能在细胞内繁殖。
B 标题概括题。根据最后一段中“he hopes they can finally be used both as a treatment and as a vaccine to prevent people from getting Ebola in the first place”可知，科学家发现了抵抗Ebola病毒的方法。
