(2020·淄博高三第一次模拟)A new algorithm (演算法) raises parking rates in busy neighborhoods and lowers them elsewhere, guaranteeing free parking spots regardless of location，Christopher Intagliata reports.
If you drive in a city，you've no doubt experienced the headache of circling block after block，cruising for parking.But scientists who study that phenomenon have a solution to free up more spots：“You make them more expensive，so people have to decide whether to park farther away and pay less，or closer and pay more.”Itzhak Benenson，a system scientist at Tel Aviv University.
San Francisco has piloted a program that raises parking rates based on demand — and it's been shown to reduce cruising.But the sensors required for those systems can cost millions of dollars to install and operate，Benenson says.So instead，writing in IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine，he and his colleague Nir Fulman describe an algorithm that can determine smart pricing，without the use of sensors.
They tested it on the Israeli city of Bat Yam，near Tel Aviv.First，they divide the city into zones.They estimate the parking demand in each zone，by calculating the number of apartments and offices there.Then they take account of parking supply in the area，along with how wealthy potential parkers might be.Using that data，the algorithm suggested pricing for each zone that would guarantee a 90­percent occupancy rate of parking spots city­wide.Meaning 10 percent of spots were always available to drivers willing to pay the price，regardless of neighborhood.
Of course，not everyone will agree that raising parking prices will reduce the press of parking.Last time Benenson proposed hiking rates for city residents？“I got about 100 reactions on the web and 99 of them that said they have never heard such a stupid statement from the professors，and I should be punished and fired.”
Eventually，he says，it'll be up to cities themselves to estimate their residents' political appetites for an easier parking spot.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了特拉维夫大学的系统科学家Itzhak Benenson提出了一种新的停车费算法，通过提高繁忙街区的停车费而降低其他地方的停车费来缓解停车压力，但公众认为这种算法是有争议的。
8．What does the underlined word“them”in paragraph 1 refer to?
A．Parking spots.  B．Parking rates.
C．Busy neighborhoods.  D．New algorithms.
解析：选B　代词指代题。根据画线词前的“A new algorithm (演算法) raises parking rates in busy neighborhoods and lowers”可知，一种新的算法提高了繁忙街区的停车费，而降低了其他地方的停车费，画线词指代的就是前面提到的停车费，故B项正确。
9．How does the new algorithm work?
A．Adopting different parking rates.
B．Counting the apartments and offices.
C．Making farther parking spots more expensive.
D．Setting the price of parking spots with sensors.
解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“You make them more expensive，so people have to decide whether to park farther away and pay less，or closer and pay more.”可知，新的算法提高繁忙街区的停车费，而降低其他地方的停车费，这样人们想少要花停车费就会把车停在远一点的地方，也就是新的算法对繁忙街区和别的地方采取不同的收费标准，故A项正确。
10．Which is the process of carrying out the smart pricing?
①Choosing a target city.
②Counting the parking demand.
③Dividing the city into zones.
④Suggesting pricing for each zone.
⑤Considering the parking supply.
A．②⑤④③①   B．①③②⑤④
C．②⑤①③④   D．①③④②⑤
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，首先，他们选定了一个城市、把城市分成几个区域，通过计算每个区域的公寓和办公室的数量来估计每个区域的停车需求，然后，他们考虑了该地区的停车供应以及潜在停车者的富裕程度，最后利用这些数据，该算法为每个区域定价，故B项正确。
11．What will the public think of Benenson's smart pricing?
A．Supporting.  B．Disapproving.
C．Optimistic.  D．Controversial.
解析：选D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Of course，not everyone will agree that raising parking prices will reduce the press of parking.”可知，不是每个人都认为提高停车费会减少停车压力，也就是说公众认为这种算法是有争议的，故D项正确。