Ⅰ.阅读理解
“Decades of research has shown that we have the ability to forget something out of our own free will, but in what way our brains do that is still being questioned. Once we can figure out how memories are weakened and come up with ways to control this, we can design treatment to help people rid themselves of unwanted memories,” said Jarrod Lewis-Peacock, the study's senior author.
Memories are dynamic constructions of the brain that regularly get updated, adjusted and reorganized through experience. The brain is constantly remembering and forgetting information—and much of this happens automatically during sleep.
Their findings not only confirmed that humans have the ability to control what they forget, but that successful intentional forgetting required more activity than what was required to remember.
“A proper level of brain activity is important to this forgetting mechanism. Too strong, and it will strengthen the memory; too weak, and you won't change it,” said Tracy Wang, lead author of the study. “Importantly, it's the intention to forget that increases the activation of the memory, and when this activation hits the proper level sweet spot, that's when it leads to later forgetting of that experience.”
The researchers also found that participants were more likely to forget scenes than faces. “We're learning how these mechanisms in our brain respond to different types of information, and it will take a lot of further research before we understand how to use our ability to forget,” said Lewis-Peacock.
1.What remains a puzzle to researchers?
A.How our memories can be strengthened.
B.How our brains voluntarily forget something.
C.What effect unwanted memories have on our brains.
D.Whether our brains can voluntarily forget something.
2.Which of the following words can best describe memories?
A.Active. B.Lasting. C.Casual. D.Ridiculous.
3.It can be learned from the passage that .
A.it requires less attention to forget than to remember
B.the more active the brain is, the faster it forgets
C.humans can't keep memories under control
D.humans forget faces less easily than scenes
4.What can be a suitable title for the passage?
A.What It Takes to Forget an Unwanted Experience
B.Strong Memories Have a Great Influence on Health
C.Forgetting Uses More Brain Power than Remembering
D.How to Train Our Brains to Voluntarily Forget Something
I.（一）1.B 细节题。根据文章第2段第1句可知,几十年的研究表明我们有能力自动忘记某事,但是我们的大脑是如何做到的仍然是一个谜团。
2.A 推断题。根据文章第3段第1句可知,记忆是大脑的动态建设,通过经验定期得到更新、调整和重组。由此可以推断,记忆是活跃的。
3.D 细节题。根据文章最后一段第1句可知,研究人员也发现被研究的对象更容易忘记场景而非人脸。
4.C 主旨题。通读全文尤其是根据文章第1段中的Choosing to forget something might take more mental effort than trying to remember it可知,作者写本文主要是为了说明忘记某事比记住某事更费脑。
（一）(题源:《每日科学》 考查热点:科学精神)
Choosing to forget something might take more mental effort than trying to remember it, researchers at The University of Texas discovered. Their findings suggest that in order to forget an unwanted experience, more attention should be focused on it.“Decades of research has shown that we have the ability to forget something out of our own free will, but in what way our brains do that is still being questioned. Once we can figure out how memories are weakened and come up with ways to control this, we can design treatment to help people rid themselves of unwanted memories,” said Jarrod Lewis-Peacock, the study's senior author.
Memories are dynamic constructions of the brain that regularly get updated, adjusted and reorganized through experience. The brain is constantly remembering and forgetting information—and much of this happens automatically during sleep.
Their findings not only confirmed that humans have the ability to control what they forget, but that successful intentional forgetting required more activity than what was required to remember.
“A proper level of brain activity is important to this forgetting mechanism. Too strong, and it will strengthen the memory; too weak, and you won't change it,” said Tracy Wang, lead author of the study. “Importantly, it's the intention to forget that increases the activation of the memory, and when this activation hits the proper level sweet spot, that's when it leads to later forgetting of that experience.”
The researchers also found that participants were more likely to forget scenes than faces. “We're learning how these mechanisms in our brain respond to different types of information, and it will take a lot of further research before we understand how to use our ability to forget,” said Lewis-Peacock.
1.What remains a puzzle to researchers?
A.How our memories can be strengthened.
B.How our brains voluntarily forget something.
C.What effect unwanted memories have on our brains.
D.Whether our brains can voluntarily forget something.
2.Which of the following words can best describe memories?
A.Active. B.Lasting. C.Casual. D.Ridiculous.
3.It can be learned from the passage that .
A.it requires less attention to forget than to remember
B.the more active the brain is, the faster it forgets
C.humans can't keep memories under control
D.humans forget faces less easily than scenes
4.What can be a suitable title for the passage?
A.What It Takes to Forget an Unwanted Experience
B.Strong Memories Have a Great Influence on Health
C.Forgetting Uses More Brain Power than Remembering
D.How to Train Our Brains to Voluntarily Forget Something
I.（一）1.B 细节题。根据文章第2段第1句可知,几十年的研究表明我们有能力自动忘记某事,但是我们的大脑是如何做到的仍然是一个谜团。
2.A 推断题。根据文章第3段第1句可知,记忆是大脑的动态建设,通过经验定期得到更新、调整和重组。由此可以推断,记忆是活跃的。
3.D 细节题。根据文章最后一段第1句可知,研究人员也发现被研究的对象更容易忘记场景而非人脸。
4.C 主旨题。通读全文尤其是根据文章第1段中的Choosing to forget something might take more mental effort than trying to remember it可知,作者写本文主要是为了说明忘记某事比记住某事更费脑。
