C
(2020·东北三省四市高三二模联考)You can't see your sleeping pets brain waves, but its behavior can tell you when your cat might be dreaming.If you watch closely, you'll see that as she falls asleep, her breathing becomes slow and regular with her body still.She has entered the first stage of sleep, called slowwave sleep.After about 15 minutes you'll notice a change in her breathing.Her eyes move under her closed lids, her paws twitch (抽动) and she flicks (尤指用手指或手快速地轻抚) an ear.She has entered dreaming.Although she twitches and makes little grunting (嘟嘟) noises, messages from her brain to the large muscles in her legs are blocked, so she can't run about.She is in a state of “sleep paralysis (麻痹)”．
Michel Jouvet, a French scientist, interrupted their sleep paralysis.Even though they were completely asleep, the dreaming cats began to run for balls that Jouvet couldn't see and arched (弓起) their backs at unseen enemies.He figures he was watching them act out their dreams! Obviously, the dreaming cats seemed to be practising important cat skills: following, pouncing (猛扑), and fighting.
In another study, Matt Wilson recorded rats brain waves while they learned mazes (迷宫)．One day, he left the brainwaverecording machine on while the rats fell asleep.The pattern of brain waves in the sleeping rats matched the pattern from the maze so closely that Wilson could figure out exactly which part of the maze each rat was dreaming about!
Many researchers now think that in both people and animals, one purpose of dreams is to practise important skills and figure out recent learning.This may explain why so many people dream about fighting and escaping, skills that were probably important to our ancestors, and why dreaming affects our ability to learn.
Do all animals dream? From looking at the brain waves of sleeping animals.How often animals dream seems to be tied to body size.Cats dream about every 15 minutes, mice every 9 minutes, and elephants every 2 hours.And though cows and horses usually sleep standing up, they only dream when lying down.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明对人和动物来说，做梦的一个目的是练习重要的技能，弄清楚最近所学的东西。
8．What does Michel Jouvet find in his study?
A．The dreaming cats are in a state of body paralysis.
B．The dreaming cats often practise their important skills.
C．The eyes of dreaming cats moved while bodies are still.
D．The muscles of the dreaming cats are blocked to move.
解析：选B 细节理解题。由第二段“Obviously, the dreaming cats seemed to be practising important cat skills: following, pouncing (猛扑), and fighting.”可知，做梦的猫似乎在练习重要的猫技能：跟随、猛扑，还有打架。所以Michel Jouvet在他的研究中发现，做梦的猫经常会练习它们所学的重要技能。故B选项正确。
9．What can you know about dreaming from the passage?
A．Dreaming a lot can help humans learn more.
B．Learning mazes is the basic skill for cats to learn.
C．Rats often dreams to make certain their recent learning.
D．Fighting and escaping are not important skills for ancestors.
解析：选C 推理判断题。由第四段中“Many researchers now think that in both people and animals, one purpose of dreams is to practise important skills and figure out recent learning.”许多研究人员现在认为，对人和动物来说，做梦的一个目的是练习重要的技能，弄清楚最近所学的东西。老鼠是动物的一种，所以判断出，老鼠经常做梦目的是清楚它们最近所学的东西。故C选项正确。
10．Which animal may dream most frequently?
A．Rats. B．Dogs.
C．Cows. D．Elephants.
解析：选A 细节理解题。由第五段中“Cats dream about every 15 minutes, mice every 9 minutes, and elephants every 2 hours.”可知，猫每15分钟做梦一次，老鼠每9分钟做梦一次，大象每2小时做梦一次。通过对动物做梦频率的对比，可以看出老鼠做梦最频繁。故A选项正确。
11．How does the author develop his passage?
A．By making comparisons. B．By using figures.
C．By telling stories. D．By showing facts.
解析：选D 推理判断题。由第二段和第三段内容可知，每个研究所得出的结论，以及对问题的回答都是基于事实。故判断出作者通过展示事实来展开短文的。故D选项正确。
(2020·东北三省四市高三二模联考)You can't see your sleeping pets brain waves, but its behavior can tell you when your cat might be dreaming.If you watch closely, you'll see that as she falls asleep, her breathing becomes slow and regular with her body still.She has entered the first stage of sleep, called slowwave sleep.After about 15 minutes you'll notice a change in her breathing.Her eyes move under her closed lids, her paws twitch (抽动) and she flicks (尤指用手指或手快速地轻抚) an ear.She has entered dreaming.Although she twitches and makes little grunting (嘟嘟) noises, messages from her brain to the large muscles in her legs are blocked, so she can't run about.She is in a state of “sleep paralysis (麻痹)”．
Michel Jouvet, a French scientist, interrupted their sleep paralysis.Even though they were completely asleep, the dreaming cats began to run for balls that Jouvet couldn't see and arched (弓起) their backs at unseen enemies.He figures he was watching them act out their dreams! Obviously, the dreaming cats seemed to be practising important cat skills: following, pouncing (猛扑), and fighting.
In another study, Matt Wilson recorded rats brain waves while they learned mazes (迷宫)．One day, he left the brainwaverecording machine on while the rats fell asleep.The pattern of brain waves in the sleeping rats matched the pattern from the maze so closely that Wilson could figure out exactly which part of the maze each rat was dreaming about!
Many researchers now think that in both people and animals, one purpose of dreams is to practise important skills and figure out recent learning.This may explain why so many people dream about fighting and escaping, skills that were probably important to our ancestors, and why dreaming affects our ability to learn.
Do all animals dream? From looking at the brain waves of sleeping animals.How often animals dream seems to be tied to body size.Cats dream about every 15 minutes, mice every 9 minutes, and elephants every 2 hours.And though cows and horses usually sleep standing up, they only dream when lying down.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明对人和动物来说，做梦的一个目的是练习重要的技能，弄清楚最近所学的东西。
8．What does Michel Jouvet find in his study?
A．The dreaming cats are in a state of body paralysis.
B．The dreaming cats often practise their important skills.
C．The eyes of dreaming cats moved while bodies are still.
D．The muscles of the dreaming cats are blocked to move.
解析：选B 细节理解题。由第二段“Obviously, the dreaming cats seemed to be practising important cat skills: following, pouncing (猛扑), and fighting.”可知，做梦的猫似乎在练习重要的猫技能：跟随、猛扑，还有打架。所以Michel Jouvet在他的研究中发现，做梦的猫经常会练习它们所学的重要技能。故B选项正确。
9．What can you know about dreaming from the passage?
A．Dreaming a lot can help humans learn more.
B．Learning mazes is the basic skill for cats to learn.
C．Rats often dreams to make certain their recent learning.
D．Fighting and escaping are not important skills for ancestors.
解析：选C 推理判断题。由第四段中“Many researchers now think that in both people and animals, one purpose of dreams is to practise important skills and figure out recent learning.”许多研究人员现在认为，对人和动物来说，做梦的一个目的是练习重要的技能，弄清楚最近所学的东西。老鼠是动物的一种，所以判断出，老鼠经常做梦目的是清楚它们最近所学的东西。故C选项正确。
10．Which animal may dream most frequently?
A．Rats. B．Dogs.
C．Cows. D．Elephants.
解析：选A 细节理解题。由第五段中“Cats dream about every 15 minutes, mice every 9 minutes, and elephants every 2 hours.”可知，猫每15分钟做梦一次，老鼠每9分钟做梦一次，大象每2小时做梦一次。通过对动物做梦频率的对比，可以看出老鼠做梦最频繁。故A选项正确。
11．How does the author develop his passage?
A．By making comparisons. B．By using figures.
C．By telling stories. D．By showing facts.
解析：选D 推理判断题。由第二段和第三段内容可知，每个研究所得出的结论，以及对问题的回答都是基于事实。故判断出作者通过展示事实来展开短文的。故D选项正确。
