Ⅱ.完形填空
[2021·潍坊模拟]Ask people to name the world's tallest peak and anybody with sound general knowledge will name Mount Qomolangma. But quiz them on its exact __1__ and many will be not sure.
In 1975, Chinese surveyors __2__ that Mount Qomolangma (Mount Everest) was 8848.13 meters high. As __3__ improved, satellites, photoelectricity, radars and gravity measurement technologies were __4__ to get more exact figures. Of course, someone still had to carry __5__ to what is the world's rooftop.
In 2005, a Chinese team scaled Qomolangma and found that it was not as high as that, as they __6__ the height to be 8844.43 meters. Scaling Qomolangma is no __7__ task. The average air temperature there is －29 degrees Celsius, even four degrees __8__ than in Antarctica. The snow there is 4—5 meters thick and hurricanelike __9__ blow all the time. Team members were training to __10__ the extreme conditions.
In a nutshell, measuring the Qomolangma's height is a tall order, __11__ huge amounts of money and human resources. But it is worth the __12__. Qomolangma is the perfect __13__ for observing crustal (地壳的)movements. And changes to the peak's height could __14__ whether the two plates are heading toward or away from each other.
Besides, the condition of snow and other natural materials at the top is an indicator of upcoming climate change on the TibetQinghai Plateau. That's __15__ measuring the Qomolangma's height is so significant. Put to good use, it can benefit mankind.
1．A.location B．appearance
C．area D．height
2．A.determined B．assumed
C．estimated D．admitted
3．A.condition B．technology
C．society D．economy
4．A.employed B．expected
C．approached D．inspired
5．A.weapons B．vehicles
C．instruments D．packages
6．A.changed B．calculated
C．extended D．expanded
7．A.glorious B．easy
C．admirable D．tough
8．A.colder B．hotter
C．higher D．lower
9．A.snows B．rains
C．winds D．snowflakes
10．A.cope with B．fight for
C．take on D．carry out
11．A.wasting B．spending
C．overcoming D．involving
12．A.effort B．loss
C．harvest D．achievement
13．A.channel B．window
C．solution D．entrance
14．A.measure B．foresee
C．indicate D．expose
15．A.where B．how
C．why D．whether
Ⅱ.完形填空
1．D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但如果你问他们它的确切高度，很多人都不会确定。A.location位置；B.appearance外貌；C.area地区；D.height高度。根据下文的1975年以及2005年对珠峰高度的测量可知，此处指的是对其高度的精确测量。故选D。
2．A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：1975年，中国测量员确定珠穆朗玛峰(Mount Qomolangma)为8848.13米高。A.determine确定；B.assume假设；C.estimate估计；D.admit承认。根据下文“As __3__ improved, satellites, photoelectricity, radars and gravity measurement technologies were __4__ to get more exact figures.”应用先进的科技去进行进一步的测量可知，此空指的是中国的测量员确定珠峰的高度是8848.13米。故选A。
3．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着技术的进步，卫星、光电、雷达和重力测量技术被用来获得更精确的数据。A.condition条件；B.technology技术；C.society社会；D.economy经济。根据下文的“satellites, photoelectricity, radars and gravity measurement technologies were __4__ to get more exact figures.”可知，卫星、光电、雷达和重力测量技术都是科技。故选B。
4．A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着技术的进步，卫星、光电、雷达和重力测量技术被用来获得更精确的数据。A.employ运用；B.expect期望；C.approach接近；D.inspire鼓舞。根据下文的“to get more exact figures”可知，这些高科技被运用到测量珠峰精确的高度中。故选A。
5．C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，仍然要有人要携带一些设备到世界屋脊。A.weapon武器；B.vehicle交通工具；C.instrument设备；D.package包裹。根据常识可知，测量是需要设备仪器的，此处指的是需要携带一些设备登山。故选C。
6．B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2005年，一个中国团队测量了珠穆朗玛峰，发现它并没有那么高，因为他们计算的高度是8844.43米。A.change改变；B.calculate计算；C.extend延伸；D.expand扩大。根据上文“In 2005, a Chinese team scaled Qomolangma and found that it was not as high as that”以及下文“the height to be 8844. 43 meters.”可知，此处指的是中国登山队在2005年计算的珠峰的高度是8844.43米。故选B。
7．B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：攀登珠穆朗玛峰并非易事。A.glorious光荣的；B.easy容易的；C.admirable令人钦慕的；D.tough艰难的。根据下文“The average air temperature there is －29 degrees Celsius, even four degrees __8__ than in Antarctica.”可知，攀登珠峰并不是一件容易的事。故选B。
8．D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那里的平均气温为－29摄氏度，甚至比南极洲低4摄氏度。A.cold冷的；B.hot热的；C.high高的；D.low低的。根据29 degrees Celsius可知，此处表示珠峰的温度比南极洲还要低4摄氏度。故选D。
9．C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那里的雪有4至5米厚，像飓风一样的风一直在吹。A.snow雪；B.rain雨；C.wind风；D.snowflak雪花。根据下文的blow可知，此处表示风。故选C。
10．A 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：队员们正在接受为极端条件而战的训练。A.cope with应付；B.fight for为……斗争；C.take on承担；D.carry out实施。根据the extreme conditions.可知，此处表示登山队员们正在训练的目的是为了应付珠峰的极端条件。故选A。
11．D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：简而言之，测量珠穆朗玛峰的高度是一项艰巨的任务，涉及大量的财力和人力，但值得付出努力。A.waste浪费；B.spend花费；C.overcome克服；D.involve涉及。根据“huge amounts of money and human resources”可知，测量珠峰的高度需要投入大量的人力和物力。故选D。
12．A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：简而言之，测量珠穆朗玛峰的高度是一项艰巨的任务，涉及大量的人力和物力，但值得付出努力。A.effort努力；B.loss损失；C.harvest丰收；D.achievement成就。根据下文最后一段的“Put to good use, it can benefit mankind”，如果使用得当，它可以造福人类可知，这项任务值得去努力做。故选A。
13．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：珠穆朗玛峰是观察地壳运动的最佳窗口。A.channel频道；B.window窗口；C.solution解决办法；D.entrance入口。根据下文“observing crustal (地壳的)movements”可知，珠峰是观测地壳运动的最佳窗口。故选B。
14．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：峰顶高度的变化可以表明两个板块是朝着相向还是反方向运动。A. measure测量；B. foresee预见；C. indicate表明；D. expose暴露。珠峰两次测量高度的变化，就表明两个板块是朝着相向还是反方向运动。故选C。
15．C 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么测量珠穆朗玛峰的高度是如此重要。A. where哪里；B. how怎样；C. why为什么；D. whether是否。本句在讲述测量珠峰高度的重要性。所以本句为why引导的表语从句。故选C。
[2021·潍坊模拟]Ask people to name the world's tallest peak and anybody with sound general knowledge will name Mount Qomolangma. But quiz them on its exact __1__ and many will be not sure.
In 1975, Chinese surveyors __2__ that Mount Qomolangma (Mount Everest) was 8848.13 meters high. As __3__ improved, satellites, photoelectricity, radars and gravity measurement technologies were __4__ to get more exact figures. Of course, someone still had to carry __5__ to what is the world's rooftop.
In 2005, a Chinese team scaled Qomolangma and found that it was not as high as that, as they __6__ the height to be 8844.43 meters. Scaling Qomolangma is no __7__ task. The average air temperature there is －29 degrees Celsius, even four degrees __8__ than in Antarctica. The snow there is 4—5 meters thick and hurricanelike __9__ blow all the time. Team members were training to __10__ the extreme conditions.
In a nutshell, measuring the Qomolangma's height is a tall order, __11__ huge amounts of money and human resources. But it is worth the __12__. Qomolangma is the perfect __13__ for observing crustal (地壳的)movements. And changes to the peak's height could __14__ whether the two plates are heading toward or away from each other.
Besides, the condition of snow and other natural materials at the top is an indicator of upcoming climate change on the TibetQinghai Plateau. That's __15__ measuring the Qomolangma's height is so significant. Put to good use, it can benefit mankind.
1．A.location B．appearance
C．area D．height
2．A.determined B．assumed
C．estimated D．admitted
3．A.condition B．technology
C．society D．economy
4．A.employed B．expected
C．approached D．inspired
5．A.weapons B．vehicles
C．instruments D．packages
6．A.changed B．calculated
C．extended D．expanded
7．A.glorious B．easy
C．admirable D．tough
8．A.colder B．hotter
C．higher D．lower
9．A.snows B．rains
C．winds D．snowflakes
10．A.cope with B．fight for
C．take on D．carry out
11．A.wasting B．spending
C．overcoming D．involving
12．A.effort B．loss
C．harvest D．achievement
13．A.channel B．window
C．solution D．entrance
14．A.measure B．foresee
C．indicate D．expose
15．A.where B．how
C．why D．whether
Ⅱ.完形填空
1．D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但如果你问他们它的确切高度，很多人都不会确定。A.location位置；B.appearance外貌；C.area地区；D.height高度。根据下文的1975年以及2005年对珠峰高度的测量可知，此处指的是对其高度的精确测量。故选D。
2．A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：1975年，中国测量员确定珠穆朗玛峰(Mount Qomolangma)为8848.13米高。A.determine确定；B.assume假设；C.estimate估计；D.admit承认。根据下文“As __3__ improved, satellites, photoelectricity, radars and gravity measurement technologies were __4__ to get more exact figures.”应用先进的科技去进行进一步的测量可知，此空指的是中国的测量员确定珠峰的高度是8848.13米。故选A。
3．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着技术的进步，卫星、光电、雷达和重力测量技术被用来获得更精确的数据。A.condition条件；B.technology技术；C.society社会；D.economy经济。根据下文的“satellites, photoelectricity, radars and gravity measurement technologies were __4__ to get more exact figures.”可知，卫星、光电、雷达和重力测量技术都是科技。故选B。
4．A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着技术的进步，卫星、光电、雷达和重力测量技术被用来获得更精确的数据。A.employ运用；B.expect期望；C.approach接近；D.inspire鼓舞。根据下文的“to get more exact figures”可知，这些高科技被运用到测量珠峰精确的高度中。故选A。
5．C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，仍然要有人要携带一些设备到世界屋脊。A.weapon武器；B.vehicle交通工具；C.instrument设备；D.package包裹。根据常识可知，测量是需要设备仪器的，此处指的是需要携带一些设备登山。故选C。
6．B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2005年，一个中国团队测量了珠穆朗玛峰，发现它并没有那么高，因为他们计算的高度是8844.43米。A.change改变；B.calculate计算；C.extend延伸；D.expand扩大。根据上文“In 2005, a Chinese team scaled Qomolangma and found that it was not as high as that”以及下文“the height to be 8844. 43 meters.”可知，此处指的是中国登山队在2005年计算的珠峰的高度是8844.43米。故选B。
7．B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：攀登珠穆朗玛峰并非易事。A.glorious光荣的；B.easy容易的；C.admirable令人钦慕的；D.tough艰难的。根据下文“The average air temperature there is －29 degrees Celsius, even four degrees __8__ than in Antarctica.”可知，攀登珠峰并不是一件容易的事。故选B。
8．D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那里的平均气温为－29摄氏度，甚至比南极洲低4摄氏度。A.cold冷的；B.hot热的；C.high高的；D.low低的。根据29 degrees Celsius可知，此处表示珠峰的温度比南极洲还要低4摄氏度。故选D。
9．C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那里的雪有4至5米厚，像飓风一样的风一直在吹。A.snow雪；B.rain雨；C.wind风；D.snowflak雪花。根据下文的blow可知，此处表示风。故选C。
10．A 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：队员们正在接受为极端条件而战的训练。A.cope with应付；B.fight for为……斗争；C.take on承担；D.carry out实施。根据the extreme conditions.可知，此处表示登山队员们正在训练的目的是为了应付珠峰的极端条件。故选A。
11．D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：简而言之，测量珠穆朗玛峰的高度是一项艰巨的任务，涉及大量的财力和人力，但值得付出努力。A.waste浪费；B.spend花费；C.overcome克服；D.involve涉及。根据“huge amounts of money and human resources”可知，测量珠峰的高度需要投入大量的人力和物力。故选D。
12．A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：简而言之，测量珠穆朗玛峰的高度是一项艰巨的任务，涉及大量的人力和物力，但值得付出努力。A.effort努力；B.loss损失；C.harvest丰收；D.achievement成就。根据下文最后一段的“Put to good use, it can benefit mankind”，如果使用得当，它可以造福人类可知，这项任务值得去努力做。故选A。
13．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：珠穆朗玛峰是观察地壳运动的最佳窗口。A.channel频道；B.window窗口；C.solution解决办法；D.entrance入口。根据下文“observing crustal (地壳的)movements”可知，珠峰是观测地壳运动的最佳窗口。故选B。
14．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：峰顶高度的变化可以表明两个板块是朝着相向还是反方向运动。A. measure测量；B. foresee预见；C. indicate表明；D. expose暴露。珠峰两次测量高度的变化，就表明两个板块是朝着相向还是反方向运动。故选C。
15．C 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么测量珠穆朗玛峰的高度是如此重要。A. where哪里；B. how怎样；C. why为什么；D. whether是否。本句在讲述测量珠峰高度的重要性。所以本句为why引导的表语从句。故选C。
