Passage 12（2020•威海市）
阅读C篇，判断正误，请将答案编号涂卡。
Someone's always watching you online...
How do they get my information? Did you know that when you surf the Web, many websites put secret software on your computer? The software collects a large amount of information about you and sends it to Internet companies. The Internet companies sell it to other businesses. Your personal information can also be collected from social media（媒体）sites. There are many ways your information can be used.
What information do they collect and why? First, companies collect your information. The companies find out where you live, what websites you visit, and what you do online. With this information, they can guess other things about you. For example, they can guess if you are male or female, how old you are, and your interests. The companies use this information to decide which advertisements（广告）are best for you. Two people can go to the same website, but they will see different advertisements. For example, someone who likes sports could see an advertisement for sneakers, and someone who like films might see an advertisement for movie.
What do they do with my information? Your personal information could also be sold. Some companies collect information just so they can sell it to other businesses. A business that collects and sells personal information is called a data broker. When data brokers sell your information, a lot of different companies will know your online habits. Then these companies will advertise products or other websites to you.
What online habits are tracked（追踪）? Another way your personal information can be collected is through social media. When your information is on social media, a lot of people can see it. Even if you don't use social media, a friend might post a picture or video of you with your name on it. Pictures and videos can be shared for free on social media, which is one of the great benefits（福利）. However, that same act of sharing could be problem for your own security（安全）. If someone knows too much about you, they can steal your identity（身份）. Then they can buy things online and post messages while pretending（假装）to be you.
Conclusion. All of your online habits can be recorded. Studying people's online habits is big business. Your personal information is very valuable to companies. That is how they know who to send their advertisements to. The Internet reaches almost every corner of the world, but the danger is that your personal information might travel that far, too.
正确的，涂A：错误的，涂B。
11. All businesses collect a large amount of information about you online.
12. People who go to the same website may see different advertisements.
13. Data brokers collect your personal information for money.
14. If you don’t get online, your information will be safe.
15. Your personal information can go anywhere with the Internet.
现在网络已经在生活中普遍使用，但是你知道吗，当我们在网上冲浪时，我们的很多信息有可能被泄露。这篇短文给我们讲述了一些网站怎样获取我们的信息、用我们的信息做什么等情况。
11.B【解析】根据短文第一段“Did you know that when you surf the Web, many websites put secret software on your computer? The software collects a large amount of information about you and sends it to Internet companies.”可知，很多网站会在我们上网的时候收集我们的信息，发送给互联网公司。但并不是所有的公司都这样做，因此这句话是错误的。故选B。
12.A【解析】根据短文第二段“The companies use this information to decide which advertisements are best for you. Two people can go to the same website, but they will see different advertisements.”可知，很多互联网公司利用在网上收集来的信息决定哪些广告适合你。因此两个人上同一个网站，但看到的广告是不同的。由此可知这句话是正确的，故选A。
13.A【解析】根据短文第三段“A business that collects and sells personal information is called a data broker.”可知，数据代理公司收集和销售个人信息，因此这里说它们收集你的信息为了赚钱是符合文意的。故选A。
14.B【解析】根据短文第四段“Another way your personal information can be collected is through social media. When your information is on social media, a lot of people can see it. Even if you don't use social media, a friend might post a picture or video of you with your name on it.”可知，我们的个人信息被收集还有一种方式是通过社交媒体。因此即使我们不上网，我们的信息也可能会被很多人看到。由此可知这句话是错误的，故选B。
15.A【解析】根据短文的最后“The Internet reaches almost every corner of the world, but the danger is that your personal information might travel that far, too.”可知，现在互联网几乎覆盖了世界的每一个角落，因此我们的个人信息也可能会传播到很远的地方。由此可知这句话是正确的，故选A。
阅读C篇，判断正误，请将答案编号涂卡。
Someone's always watching you online...
How do they get my information? Did you know that when you surf the Web, many websites put secret software on your computer? The software collects a large amount of information about you and sends it to Internet companies. The Internet companies sell it to other businesses. Your personal information can also be collected from social media（媒体）sites. There are many ways your information can be used.
What information do they collect and why? First, companies collect your information. The companies find out where you live, what websites you visit, and what you do online. With this information, they can guess other things about you. For example, they can guess if you are male or female, how old you are, and your interests. The companies use this information to decide which advertisements（广告）are best for you. Two people can go to the same website, but they will see different advertisements. For example, someone who likes sports could see an advertisement for sneakers, and someone who like films might see an advertisement for movie.
What do they do with my information? Your personal information could also be sold. Some companies collect information just so they can sell it to other businesses. A business that collects and sells personal information is called a data broker. When data brokers sell your information, a lot of different companies will know your online habits. Then these companies will advertise products or other websites to you.
What online habits are tracked（追踪）? Another way your personal information can be collected is through social media. When your information is on social media, a lot of people can see it. Even if you don't use social media, a friend might post a picture or video of you with your name on it. Pictures and videos can be shared for free on social media, which is one of the great benefits（福利）. However, that same act of sharing could be problem for your own security（安全）. If someone knows too much about you, they can steal your identity（身份）. Then they can buy things online and post messages while pretending（假装）to be you.
Conclusion. All of your online habits can be recorded. Studying people's online habits is big business. Your personal information is very valuable to companies. That is how they know who to send their advertisements to. The Internet reaches almost every corner of the world, but the danger is that your personal information might travel that far, too.
正确的，涂A：错误的，涂B。
11. All businesses collect a large amount of information about you online.
12. People who go to the same website may see different advertisements.
13. Data brokers collect your personal information for money.
14. If you don’t get online, your information will be safe.
15. Your personal information can go anywhere with the Internet.
现在网络已经在生活中普遍使用，但是你知道吗，当我们在网上冲浪时，我们的很多信息有可能被泄露。这篇短文给我们讲述了一些网站怎样获取我们的信息、用我们的信息做什么等情况。
11.B【解析】根据短文第一段“Did you know that when you surf the Web, many websites put secret software on your computer? The software collects a large amount of information about you and sends it to Internet companies.”可知，很多网站会在我们上网的时候收集我们的信息，发送给互联网公司。但并不是所有的公司都这样做，因此这句话是错误的。故选B。
12.A【解析】根据短文第二段“The companies use this information to decide which advertisements are best for you. Two people can go to the same website, but they will see different advertisements.”可知，很多互联网公司利用在网上收集来的信息决定哪些广告适合你。因此两个人上同一个网站，但看到的广告是不同的。由此可知这句话是正确的，故选A。
13.A【解析】根据短文第三段“A business that collects and sells personal information is called a data broker.”可知，数据代理公司收集和销售个人信息，因此这里说它们收集你的信息为了赚钱是符合文意的。故选A。
14.B【解析】根据短文第四段“Another way your personal information can be collected is through social media. When your information is on social media, a lot of people can see it. Even if you don't use social media, a friend might post a picture or video of you with your name on it.”可知，我们的个人信息被收集还有一种方式是通过社交媒体。因此即使我们不上网，我们的信息也可能会被很多人看到。由此可知这句话是错误的，故选B。
15.A【解析】根据短文的最后“The Internet reaches almost every corner of the world, but the danger is that your personal information might travel that far, too.”可知，现在互联网几乎覆盖了世界的每一个角落，因此我们的个人信息也可能会传播到很远的地方。由此可知这句话是正确的，故选A。
