Ⅰ.阅读理解
Steven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks. His strange habit makes sense when you consider that he’s an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road. What is even more interesting is that one of Stein’s jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bag.
Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year. So many end up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts (收银台). The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California, including Los Angeles. Eyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.
Among the bag makers’ arguments: many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport. And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at, they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today.
The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement: reusable shopping bags. The stronger a reusable bag is, the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it cancels out. However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make.One study found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.
Environmentalists don’t dispute (质疑) these points. They hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.
1.What has Steven Stein been hired to do?
A.Help increase grocery sales.
B.Recycle the waste material.
C.Stop things falling off trucks.
D.Argue for the use of plastic bags.
2.What does the word “headwinds” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A.Bans on plastic bags.
B.Effects of city development.
C.Headaches caused by garbage.
D.Plastic bags hung in trees.
3.What is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic-bag makers?
A.They are quite expensive.
B.Replacing them can be difficult.
C.They are less strong than plastic bags.
D.Producing them requires more energy.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.Plastic, Paper or Neither
B.Industry, Pollution and Environment
C.Recycle or Throw Away
D.Garbage Collection and Waste Control
Ⅰ. 本文是一篇议论文。文章论述的主题是一次性塑料袋究竟对环境好不好,塑料袋和纸袋哪个好。
1.D 细节理解题。从第一段的最后一句What is even more interesting is that one of Stein�s jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bag.可知,Steven被公司雇用是为了维护塑料袋制造业,因此D项正确,意为“为塑料袋的使用进行辩护”。
2.A 词义猜测题。前句提到禁止使用塑料袋。此处的headwinds指的就是禁止使用塑料袋,因此A项正确。
3.D 细节理解题。从文章第四段的However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make.可知,生产可以循环使用的购物袋需要花费更多的能源。所以D项正确。
4.A 主旨大意题。本文论述的主要内容是塑料袋好还是纸质的袋子好。因此A项符合文章主题,意为“塑料(袋)、纸(袋)还是都不用”。
Steven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks. His strange habit makes sense when you consider that he’s an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road. What is even more interesting is that one of Stein’s jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bag.
Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year. So many end up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts (收银台). The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California, including Los Angeles. Eyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.
Among the bag makers’ arguments: many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport. And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at, they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today.
The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement: reusable shopping bags. The stronger a reusable bag is, the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it cancels out. However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make.One study found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.
Environmentalists don’t dispute (质疑) these points. They hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.
1.What has Steven Stein been hired to do?
A.Help increase grocery sales.
B.Recycle the waste material.
C.Stop things falling off trucks.
D.Argue for the use of plastic bags.
2.What does the word “headwinds” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A.Bans on plastic bags.
B.Effects of city development.
C.Headaches caused by garbage.
D.Plastic bags hung in trees.
3.What is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic-bag makers?
A.They are quite expensive.
B.Replacing them can be difficult.
C.They are less strong than plastic bags.
D.Producing them requires more energy.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.Plastic, Paper or Neither
B.Industry, Pollution and Environment
C.Recycle or Throw Away
D.Garbage Collection and Waste Control
Ⅰ. 本文是一篇议论文。文章论述的主题是一次性塑料袋究竟对环境好不好,塑料袋和纸袋哪个好。
1.D 细节理解题。从第一段的最后一句What is even more interesting is that one of Stein�s jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bag.可知,Steven被公司雇用是为了维护塑料袋制造业,因此D项正确,意为“为塑料袋的使用进行辩护”。
2.A 词义猜测题。前句提到禁止使用塑料袋。此处的headwinds指的就是禁止使用塑料袋,因此A项正确。
3.D 细节理解题。从文章第四段的However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make.可知,生产可以循环使用的购物袋需要花费更多的能源。所以D项正确。
4.A 主旨大意题。本文论述的主要内容是塑料袋好还是纸质的袋子好。因此A项符合文章主题,意为“塑料(袋)、纸(袋)还是都不用”。
