Ⅰ.阅读理解
In daily life, there are some emergencies that you might have to deal with one day. Learn to handle the emergencies below for yourself, your family and friends.
Sudden heart attack
Having CPR training is the life-saving help for someone having a heart attack. Move the patient's head back and look for breathing. If the patient doesn't take a breath in less than 10 seconds, start CPR. Push on the chest. Put your hands on the center of the chest. Push hard and fast—about twice per second. Push on the chest 30 times and then give 2 mouth-to-mouth. Repeat cycles of 30 presses and 2 mouth-to-mouth until the help arrives or the patient wakes up.
Choke
Stand behind the choking person. Put your arms around the waist and bend him or her slightly forward so that the object blocking the airway will move out of the mouth. Do this up to five times. You can also do back blows—firmly slap the person on the back with your hand while he or she is bent over. If the object still doesn't come out, call 120.
Nosebleed
Ask the person to lean forward and pinch(捏) his nose for five to six minutes. Do not move the head backward, as the blood may run into his mouth or even his lungs.
Encourage the person not to speak,swallow, cough or spit because these may break blood clots(血块) that may have started to form in the nose. If the bleeding lasts more than 30 minutes, call 120 for medical help.
Burn
Burns should be treated by an adult—the injured area should be put under cool running water for 10 to 15 minutes to relieve the pain. Ice should never be used, as it can make the injury even worse. If a child has a serious burn, he or she should be taken to a doctor or the emergency room.
1.How often should you push on the chest when you perform CPR?
A.Once a second.
B.Twice a second.
C.Once every two seconds.
D.Once every three seconds.
2.What can you do to help a choking person?
A.Do some back blows.
B.Ask him or her to drink some water.
C.Press his or her stomach and back at the same time.
D.Help him or her bend forward as much as possible.
3.According to the text, what is the first thing to do with a slight burn?
A.Put it under cool running water.
B.Put an ice pack on it.
C.Wrap it in a cloth.
D.Call a doctor for help.
参考答案
Ⅰ. 本文是一篇科普类的说明文,介绍了在不同的紧急状况下应该实施的正确的急救措施。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段的Push hard and fast—about twice per second.可知,实施心肺复苏时按压胸部的频率是每秒钟两次,故选B。
2.A 细节理解题。根据第三段的You can also do back blows—firmly slap the person on the back with your hand while he or she is bent over.可知,当一个人被食物噎住时,可以拍打他的后背,故选A。B项“让他或她喝点水”和C项“同时按压他或她的腹部和背部”都没有在文章中提到;D项“帮助他或她尽量向前弯腰”与第三段第二句中的bend him or her slightly forward描述不符。
3.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句Burns should be treated by an adult—the injured area should be put under cool running water for 10 to 15 minutes to relieve the pain.以及后文又提到了针对患者严重烧伤或烫伤时的做法,可以推断轻微烧伤或烫伤时应该将受伤部位放置在流动的冷水下冲洗,以缓解疼痛,故选A。本题容易误选D,认为烫伤后要马上寻求医生帮助,但原文中给出的首先要做的事情是正确急救。B项“在它上面放一个冰袋”与最后一段第二句中的Ice should never be used描述不符;C项“用布把它包起来”没有在文章中提到。
In daily life, there are some emergencies that you might have to deal with one day. Learn to handle the emergencies below for yourself, your family and friends.
Sudden heart attack
Having CPR training is the life-saving help for someone having a heart attack. Move the patient's head back and look for breathing. If the patient doesn't take a breath in less than 10 seconds, start CPR. Push on the chest. Put your hands on the center of the chest. Push hard and fast—about twice per second. Push on the chest 30 times and then give 2 mouth-to-mouth. Repeat cycles of 30 presses and 2 mouth-to-mouth until the help arrives or the patient wakes up.
Choke
Stand behind the choking person. Put your arms around the waist and bend him or her slightly forward so that the object blocking the airway will move out of the mouth. Do this up to five times. You can also do back blows—firmly slap the person on the back with your hand while he or she is bent over. If the object still doesn't come out, call 120.
Nosebleed
Ask the person to lean forward and pinch(捏) his nose for five to six minutes. Do not move the head backward, as the blood may run into his mouth or even his lungs.
Encourage the person not to speak,swallow, cough or spit because these may break blood clots(血块) that may have started to form in the nose. If the bleeding lasts more than 30 minutes, call 120 for medical help.
Burn
Burns should be treated by an adult—the injured area should be put under cool running water for 10 to 15 minutes to relieve the pain. Ice should never be used, as it can make the injury even worse. If a child has a serious burn, he or she should be taken to a doctor or the emergency room.
1.How often should you push on the chest when you perform CPR?
A.Once a second.
B.Twice a second.
C.Once every two seconds.
D.Once every three seconds.
2.What can you do to help a choking person?
A.Do some back blows.
B.Ask him or her to drink some water.
C.Press his or her stomach and back at the same time.
D.Help him or her bend forward as much as possible.
3.According to the text, what is the first thing to do with a slight burn?
A.Put it under cool running water.
B.Put an ice pack on it.
C.Wrap it in a cloth.
D.Call a doctor for help.
参考答案
Ⅰ. 本文是一篇科普类的说明文,介绍了在不同的紧急状况下应该实施的正确的急救措施。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段的Push hard and fast—about twice per second.可知,实施心肺复苏时按压胸部的频率是每秒钟两次,故选B。
2.A 细节理解题。根据第三段的You can also do back blows—firmly slap the person on the back with your hand while he or she is bent over.可知,当一个人被食物噎住时,可以拍打他的后背,故选A。B项“让他或她喝点水”和C项“同时按压他或她的腹部和背部”都没有在文章中提到;D项“帮助他或她尽量向前弯腰”与第三段第二句中的bend him or her slightly forward描述不符。
3.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句Burns should be treated by an adult—the injured area should be put under cool running water for 10 to 15 minutes to relieve the pain.以及后文又提到了针对患者严重烧伤或烫伤时的做法,可以推断轻微烧伤或烫伤时应该将受伤部位放置在流动的冷水下冲洗,以缓解疼痛,故选A。本题容易误选D,认为烫伤后要马上寻求医生帮助,但原文中给出的首先要做的事情是正确急救。B项“在它上面放一个冰袋”与最后一段第二句中的Ice should never be used描述不符;C项“用布把它包起来”没有在文章中提到。
