4.【2018年江西中考】A young woman turns around and around quickly, and jumps high. In the background, a young girl reads a rejection (拒绝) letter from a ballet school. You have the wrong body for ballet, 'it says,' and at thirteen, you are too old. This was one of the most popular advertisements (广告) of 2014 and it describes American ballet Theatre's principal (主要的) dancer Misty Copeland.
This was not a real letter. But Copeland says it is very similar to letters from her childhood. While many dancers start at the age of three. Copeland only began to study ballet in 1995 as a thirteen-year-old. People often told her that she was too old, or that she didn't have the perfect body type (She is only 157 cm tall). Her family moved a lot, and it was sometimes difficult for her to attend ballet classes. But Copeland loved dancing and did not want to give up. She stayed with her ballet teacher during the week and spent time with her family only at the weekend. This was a difficult life, but she worked hard and won her first national competition when she was fourteen years old. Copeland joined the American Ballet Theatre in 2000 and performed in many ballets over the next few years. In 2007, she became a solo (单独的) performer, and in 2015 she became its principal dancer.
Copeland is now a dancer, author and Broadway performer. She also stars in the 2015 film A Ballerina's Tale. So what's next? According to Copeland, anything is possible: "My career (职业) really is just now beginning.'
37. How old was Copeland when she became the principal dancer?
A. 13
B. 14
C. 25
D. 33
38. Why was it difficult for Copeland to attend ballet classes?
A. Because her family moved a lot.
B. Because she was not a good dancer.
C. Because she had no invitation letter.
D. Because she had the wrong body type.
39. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Copeland became successful because of the advertisement.
B. Copeland had to spend a lot of time away from her parents.
C. Copeland won her first national competition as a solo performer.
D. Copeland has ended up her career as an actress on Broadway.
40. What's the writer’s opinion of Copeland?
A. Copeland sets an example who never gives up.
B. Copeland was too old to start ballet at thirteen.
C. Copeland has made her achievements by accident.
D. Copeland was lucky to get support from the ballet school.
【答案】37. D 38. A 39. B 40. A
【解析】试题分析：这是一篇记叙文，讲述了曾经因为年龄太大被舞蹈学校拒绝的科普兰凭借自己的努力成为了一名舞蹈家、作家和百老汇演员。诠释了一切皆有可能的道理。
37. 题意：当她成为首席舞蹈家时，科普兰有多大年纪？考查细节理解和数字理解题。根据第二段第三行Copeland only began to study ballet in 1995 as a thirteen-year-old.1995年她13岁，结合段尾and in 2015 she became its principal dancer.2015年成为首席舞蹈家，可知2015—1995+13=33，故选D。
40. 题意：作者对Copeland的看法是什么？考查细节理解题。A. Copeland sets an example who never gives up.科普兰树立了一个永不放弃的榜样。B. Copeland was too old to start ballet at thirteen. 科普兰年纪太大，不能在十三岁开始芭蕾舞。C. Copeland has made her achievements by accident.科普兰意外地取得了成就。D. Copeland was lucky to get support from the ballet school. 科普兰很幸运得到芭蕾舞学校的支持。根据短文内容，虽然作者写道她跳芭蕾较晚，但这不是作者的观点而是别人的看法，作者讲述的是Copeland面对困难永不言弃的经历，可知选A。
点睛：对于阅读理解题，首先要粗读文章了解大意，其次通过细读，理解全文。在粗读的基础上，仔细阅读题后所给的题目，根据题目要求，再有重点地返回来仔细阅读。在阅读理解的题目中，所设问题主要有以下几种方式：找主题或概括文章的中心思想、就文中的具体事实和情节进行提问、根据文章的表层意思进行深层次的推理判断等，在细读时，要根据设问的方式，进行有侧重地阅读。1、概括文章中心思想。1)文首呈现主题句。2)文尾出现主题句。3)首尾呼应展现主题。4)文中表述主题。前面提出问题，文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出，而后再做进一步的解释。5)文章没有主题句。在这种情况下，考生要把所有的细节综合起来。进行逻辑推理，概括归纳出文章的主题句。2.掌握文章的具体事实和重要情节。在考题中，经常会见到就文章中某一具体事实和重要情节进行测试的题目。这就要求考生在阅读时要注意辨认和记忆具体事实，重要情节，事物的起因、过程、结果及发生的地点、时间等，这些都有可能作为测试点。还有一些测试题，要求考生在理解的基础上，通过自己的思维将理解的内容系统化，比如计算、排序等题型。
This was not a real letter. But Copeland says it is very similar to letters from her childhood. While many dancers start at the age of three. Copeland only began to study ballet in 1995 as a thirteen-year-old. People often told her that she was too old, or that she didn't have the perfect body type (She is only 157 cm tall). Her family moved a lot, and it was sometimes difficult for her to attend ballet classes. But Copeland loved dancing and did not want to give up. She stayed with her ballet teacher during the week and spent time with her family only at the weekend. This was a difficult life, but she worked hard and won her first national competition when she was fourteen years old. Copeland joined the American Ballet Theatre in 2000 and performed in many ballets over the next few years. In 2007, she became a solo (单独的) performer, and in 2015 she became its principal dancer.
Copeland is now a dancer, author and Broadway performer. She also stars in the 2015 film A Ballerina's Tale. So what's next? According to Copeland, anything is possible: "My career (职业) really is just now beginning.'
37. How old was Copeland when she became the principal dancer?
A. 13
B. 14
C. 25
D. 33
38. Why was it difficult for Copeland to attend ballet classes?
A. Because her family moved a lot.
B. Because she was not a good dancer.
C. Because she had no invitation letter.
D. Because she had the wrong body type.
39. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Copeland became successful because of the advertisement.
B. Copeland had to spend a lot of time away from her parents.
C. Copeland won her first national competition as a solo performer.
D. Copeland has ended up her career as an actress on Broadway.
40. What's the writer’s opinion of Copeland?
A. Copeland sets an example who never gives up.
B. Copeland was too old to start ballet at thirteen.
C. Copeland has made her achievements by accident.
D. Copeland was lucky to get support from the ballet school.
【答案】37. D 38. A 39. B 40. A
【解析】试题分析：这是一篇记叙文，讲述了曾经因为年龄太大被舞蹈学校拒绝的科普兰凭借自己的努力成为了一名舞蹈家、作家和百老汇演员。诠释了一切皆有可能的道理。
37. 题意：当她成为首席舞蹈家时，科普兰有多大年纪？考查细节理解和数字理解题。根据第二段第三行Copeland only began to study ballet in 1995 as a thirteen-year-old.1995年她13岁，结合段尾and in 2015 she became its principal dancer.2015年成为首席舞蹈家，可知2015—1995+13=33，故选D。
40. 题意：作者对Copeland的看法是什么？考查细节理解题。A. Copeland sets an example who never gives up.科普兰树立了一个永不放弃的榜样。B. Copeland was too old to start ballet at thirteen. 科普兰年纪太大，不能在十三岁开始芭蕾舞。C. Copeland has made her achievements by accident.科普兰意外地取得了成就。D. Copeland was lucky to get support from the ballet school. 科普兰很幸运得到芭蕾舞学校的支持。根据短文内容，虽然作者写道她跳芭蕾较晚，但这不是作者的观点而是别人的看法，作者讲述的是Copeland面对困难永不言弃的经历，可知选A。
点睛：对于阅读理解题，首先要粗读文章了解大意，其次通过细读，理解全文。在粗读的基础上，仔细阅读题后所给的题目，根据题目要求，再有重点地返回来仔细阅读。在阅读理解的题目中，所设问题主要有以下几种方式：找主题或概括文章的中心思想、就文中的具体事实和情节进行提问、根据文章的表层意思进行深层次的推理判断等，在细读时，要根据设问的方式，进行有侧重地阅读。1、概括文章中心思想。1)文首呈现主题句。2)文尾出现主题句。3)首尾呼应展现主题。4)文中表述主题。前面提出问题，文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出，而后再做进一步的解释。5)文章没有主题句。在这种情况下，考生要把所有的细节综合起来。进行逻辑推理，概括归纳出文章的主题句。2.掌握文章的具体事实和重要情节。在考题中，经常会见到就文章中某一具体事实和重要情节进行测试的题目。这就要求考生在阅读时要注意辨认和记忆具体事实，重要情节，事物的起因、过程、结果及发生的地点、时间等，这些都有可能作为测试点。还有一些测试题，要求考生在理解的基础上，通过自己的思维将理解的内容系统化，比如计算、排序等题型。
