阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
How do I “Leave No Trace on the Appalachian Trail?”
At about 2,189 miles, the Appalachian Trail is the longest single unit of the National Park System. With the number of people visiting this place increasing each year, the chances are great that any of us may damage the natural environment along the Trail and affect the experience for others. So please do your part by following these hiking and camping practices, and encourage others to learn about and adopt these techniques.
1. Plan ahead and prepare.
Evaluate the risks associated with your outing, identify campsites and destinations in advance, and use maps and guides. Prepare for extreme weather, dangers, and emergencies – especially the cold – to avoid impacts from searches, rescues, and campfires. Learn when areas are most crowded and try to avoid those times.
2. Dispose of waste properly.
Pack out all trash and food waste, including that left behind by others. Don’t bury trash or food, and don’t try to burn packaging materials in campfires. Use the privy (茅房) for human waste only. Do not add trash. If there is no privy, dispose of human waste by burying it in a hole, a hole at least 200 feet (80 steps) from campsites, water sources and shelters, and well away from trails.
3. Leave what you find.
Leave plants, cultural artifacts (文物) and other natural objects where you found them for others to enjoy. Do not damage live trees or plants; green wood burns poorly. Collect only firewood that is dead, down, and no larger than your wrist. Leave dead standing trees and dead limbs on standing trees for the wildlife.
4. Minimize campfire impacts.
Use stoves for cooking – if you need a fire, build one only where it’s legal and in an existing fire ring. Keep fires small. Never leave your campfire unattended, and drown it when you leave. Do not try to burn trash, including plastic, glass, cans, tea bags, food, or anything with food on it. These items do not burn thoroughly. They create harmful fumes, and attract wildlife like skunks and bears.
5.Respect wildlife
Don’t feed or disturb wildlife. Store food properly to avoid attracting bears, varmints, and rodents. If you bring a pet, keep it leashed.
( )1．Before you hike on the Appalachian Trail, you are advised to _______.
A．Leave your pet dog at home
B．bring some food for the wildlife there
C．prepare for bad weather and emergencies
D．avoid crowded periods and book a hotel in advance
( )2．The underlined phrase “dispose of” probably means _______.
A．take care of B．hide away
C．make use of D．get rid of
( )3．If you need a fire on the Appalachian Trail, you should _______.
A．collect firewood that is larger than your wrist
B．keep it small and drown it when you go away
C．burn or bury your trash before you leave
D．use it to drive away wildlife like skunks and bear
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。作者给那些去阿巴拉契亚山道徒步旅行的户外探险者们提出一些应该学习和遵守的事项。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第一条建议中的“Prepare for extreme weather, dangers, and emergencies-especially the cold-to avoid impacts(影响）from searches, rescues, and campfire s." 为极端天气、危险和紧急情况(尤其是寒冷)做好准备，以避免搜索、救援和营火带来的影响。可知，在阿巴拉契亚山道徒步旅行前，作者建议人们做好应对极端天气和紧急事件的准备。故选C。
2．词义猜测题。根据文章第三段“ by burying it in a hole, a hole at least 200 feet (80 steps) from campsites, water sources and shelters, and well away from trails.”把它埋在一个洞里，这个洞距离露营地、水源和庇护所至少200英尺(80步)，远离小径。可知如果没有厕所，人类的应该通过埋坑的方式处理排泄物。所以换线词的意思为“处理”。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据文章第四条建议中的“if you need a fire, build one only where it's legal and in an existing fire ring. Keep fires small. N ever leave your campfire unattended, and drown it when you leave." 如果你需要生火，只在合法的地方和现有的火场建一个。保持火要小。不要让你的营火无人看管，离开时把它熄灭。可知，如果需要在阿巴拉契亚山道生火，要保证火势很小，离开时用水把火熄灭，故选B。
A
Guide to Hiking on the Appalachian TrailHow do I “Leave No Trace on the Appalachian Trail?”
At about 2,189 miles, the Appalachian Trail is the longest single unit of the National Park System. With the number of people visiting this place increasing each year, the chances are great that any of us may damage the natural environment along the Trail and affect the experience for others. So please do your part by following these hiking and camping practices, and encourage others to learn about and adopt these techniques.
1. Plan ahead and prepare.
Evaluate the risks associated with your outing, identify campsites and destinations in advance, and use maps and guides. Prepare for extreme weather, dangers, and emergencies – especially the cold – to avoid impacts from searches, rescues, and campfires. Learn when areas are most crowded and try to avoid those times.
2. Dispose of waste properly.
Pack out all trash and food waste, including that left behind by others. Don’t bury trash or food, and don’t try to burn packaging materials in campfires. Use the privy (茅房) for human waste only. Do not add trash. If there is no privy, dispose of human waste by burying it in a hole, a hole at least 200 feet (80 steps) from campsites, water sources and shelters, and well away from trails.
3. Leave what you find.
Leave plants, cultural artifacts (文物) and other natural objects where you found them for others to enjoy. Do not damage live trees or plants; green wood burns poorly. Collect only firewood that is dead, down, and no larger than your wrist. Leave dead standing trees and dead limbs on standing trees for the wildlife.
4. Minimize campfire impacts.
Use stoves for cooking – if you need a fire, build one only where it’s legal and in an existing fire ring. Keep fires small. Never leave your campfire unattended, and drown it when you leave. Do not try to burn trash, including plastic, glass, cans, tea bags, food, or anything with food on it. These items do not burn thoroughly. They create harmful fumes, and attract wildlife like skunks and bears.
5.Respect wildlife
Don’t feed or disturb wildlife. Store food properly to avoid attracting bears, varmints, and rodents. If you bring a pet, keep it leashed.
( )1．Before you hike on the Appalachian Trail, you are advised to _______.
A．Leave your pet dog at home
B．bring some food for the wildlife there
C．prepare for bad weather and emergencies
D．avoid crowded periods and book a hotel in advance
( )2．The underlined phrase “dispose of” probably means _______.
A．take care of B．hide away
C．make use of D．get rid of
( )3．If you need a fire on the Appalachian Trail, you should _______.
A．collect firewood that is larger than your wrist
B．keep it small and drown it when you go away
C．burn or bury your trash before you leave
D．use it to drive away wildlife like skunks and bear
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。作者给那些去阿巴拉契亚山道徒步旅行的户外探险者们提出一些应该学习和遵守的事项。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第一条建议中的“Prepare for extreme weather, dangers, and emergencies-especially the cold-to avoid impacts(影响）from searches, rescues, and campfire s." 为极端天气、危险和紧急情况(尤其是寒冷)做好准备，以避免搜索、救援和营火带来的影响。可知，在阿巴拉契亚山道徒步旅行前，作者建议人们做好应对极端天气和紧急事件的准备。故选C。
2．词义猜测题。根据文章第三段“ by burying it in a hole, a hole at least 200 feet (80 steps) from campsites, water sources and shelters, and well away from trails.”把它埋在一个洞里，这个洞距离露营地、水源和庇护所至少200英尺(80步)，远离小径。可知如果没有厕所，人类的应该通过埋坑的方式处理排泄物。所以换线词的意思为“处理”。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据文章第四条建议中的“if you need a fire, build one only where it's legal and in an existing fire ring. Keep fires small. N ever leave your campfire unattended, and drown it when you leave." 如果你需要生火，只在合法的地方和现有的火场建一个。保持火要小。不要让你的营火无人看管，离开时把它熄灭。可知，如果需要在阿巴拉契亚山道生火，要保证火势很小，离开时用水把火熄灭，故选B。
