第二节 语篇填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Although heat related deaths and illnesses are preventable, around 618 people are killed nationwide by extreme heat every year.
Extreme heat ___41___ (describe) as summertime temperatures that are much hotter or more humid than average. Humid and sticky conditions can make it seem hotter than it really is. Heat-related illnesses, like heat stroke, happen when the body is not able to ___42___ (proper) cool itself. While the body normally cools itself by sweating, during extreme heat, this might not be enough. In these cases, ___43___ person's body temperature rises ___44___ (fast) than it can cool itself down, ___45___ can cause damage to the brain and other vital organs. Older adults, the very young, and people ___46___ mental illness and chronic diseases are at highest risk. However, even___47___ (health) people can be affected if they participate in intense physical___48___ (activity) during hot weather.
Summertime activity, whether ___49___ (play) indoors or outdoors, must be balanced with actions that help the body cool itself to prevent heat-related illnesses. You can visit our website ____50____(learn) more on how to stay safe in the heat this summer, including how to prevent, recognize, and cope with heat-related illnesses.
【答案】41. is described
42. properly
43. a 44. faster
45. which 46. with
47. healthy
48. activities
49. played 50. to learn
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。这是一家网站关于高温导致死亡和疾病的相关介绍。
【41题详解】
考查时态和语态。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，主语为Extreme heat，与谓语describe为被动关系，所以本句为一般现在时的被动语态。故填is described。
【42题详解】
考查副词。副词properly修饰动词cool。故填properly。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。根据句意“在这种情况下，一个人的体温上升的速度快于自身降温的速度，这会对大脑和其他重要器官造成损害。”且person首字母的发音为辅音音素，所以用不定冠a表示泛指。故填a。
44题详解】
考查副词比较级。根据句意“在这种情况下，一个人的体温上升的速度快于自身降温的速度，这会对大脑和其他重要器官造成损害。”以及than可知，空处填比较级。故填faster。
【45题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子可知，本句为which引导的非限制性定语从句，which指代前面的整个句子。故填which。
【46题详解】
考查介词。根据句意“老年人，非常年轻的人，以及患有精神疾病和慢性疾病的人是最危险的。”表示“有......”空处填介词with。故填with。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。people为名词，其前用形容词healthy修饰。故填healthy。
【48题详解】
考查名词复数。activity为可数名词，前面无不定冠词修饰，所以用名词复数泛指多个活动。故填activities。
【49题详解】
考查状语从句的省略。本句为让步状语从句的省略，还原后为whether summertime activity is played indoors or outdoors.因主从句主语相同，且从句中有be动词，故主语与be动词被省略。故填played。
【50题详解】
考查动词不定式。本句为动词不定式作目的状语。故填to learn。
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Although heat related deaths and illnesses are preventable, around 618 people are killed nationwide by extreme heat every year.
Extreme heat ___41___ (describe) as summertime temperatures that are much hotter or more humid than average. Humid and sticky conditions can make it seem hotter than it really is. Heat-related illnesses, like heat stroke, happen when the body is not able to ___42___ (proper) cool itself. While the body normally cools itself by sweating, during extreme heat, this might not be enough. In these cases, ___43___ person's body temperature rises ___44___ (fast) than it can cool itself down, ___45___ can cause damage to the brain and other vital organs. Older adults, the very young, and people ___46___ mental illness and chronic diseases are at highest risk. However, even___47___ (health) people can be affected if they participate in intense physical___48___ (activity) during hot weather.
Summertime activity, whether ___49___ (play) indoors or outdoors, must be balanced with actions that help the body cool itself to prevent heat-related illnesses. You can visit our website ____50____(learn) more on how to stay safe in the heat this summer, including how to prevent, recognize, and cope with heat-related illnesses.
【答案】41. is described
42. properly
43. a 44. faster
45. which 46. with
47. healthy
48. activities
49. played 50. to learn
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。这是一家网站关于高温导致死亡和疾病的相关介绍。
【41题详解】
考查时态和语态。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，主语为Extreme heat，与谓语describe为被动关系，所以本句为一般现在时的被动语态。故填is described。
【42题详解】
考查副词。副词properly修饰动词cool。故填properly。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。根据句意“在这种情况下，一个人的体温上升的速度快于自身降温的速度，这会对大脑和其他重要器官造成损害。”且person首字母的发音为辅音音素，所以用不定冠a表示泛指。故填a。
44题详解】
考查副词比较级。根据句意“在这种情况下，一个人的体温上升的速度快于自身降温的速度，这会对大脑和其他重要器官造成损害。”以及than可知，空处填比较级。故填faster。
【45题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子可知，本句为which引导的非限制性定语从句，which指代前面的整个句子。故填which。
【46题详解】
考查介词。根据句意“老年人，非常年轻的人，以及患有精神疾病和慢性疾病的人是最危险的。”表示“有......”空处填介词with。故填with。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。people为名词，其前用形容词healthy修饰。故填healthy。
【48题详解】
考查名词复数。activity为可数名词，前面无不定冠词修饰，所以用名词复数泛指多个活动。故填activities。
【49题详解】
考查状语从句的省略。本句为让步状语从句的省略，还原后为whether summertime activity is played indoors or outdoors.因主从句主语相同，且从句中有be动词，故主语与be动词被省略。故填played。
【50题详解】
考查动词不定式。本句为动词不定式作目的状语。故填to learn。
