（二）【2019 • 浙江省金华、义乌、丽水市】

In the park, you see a group of people, all looking up at the sky. Without thinking about it, you look upwards, too. Why? In the concert, someone begins to clap and suddenly the whole room joins in. You do, too. Why?
Sometimes we feel we are acting correctly when we do the same as others. The more people follow an idea, the better or truer we think the idea is. It’s the social proof(社会认同感) that works.
The scientist Asch carried out an experiment. It shows how social proof can influence us. In a room, a man is shown Line 1, and next to it are three lines(A, B, C). A is longer, C is shorter and B is as long as Line 1. He must tell which of the three lines is as long as Line 1. When the man is alone, he gives the correct answer B. Then, five other man enter the room, and each of them gives the answer C as they were told to. Now the man changes his idea and gives the answer C. Asch got the same result many times among different subjects(实验对象).
Why do we act like this? Well, in the past, following others was a way to keep away from danger. Suppose that 5000 years ago you were hunting(打猎) with friends. Suddenly, they all ran away. What would you have done? Would you have stayed? No, you would have run, too. We are descendants(后代) of those who copied others’ action. It is so deeply planted in our mind that we still use it now.
Social proof has special power. The advertising industry, for example, often makes use of it. So be careful whenever a company says its product is ＂the most popular＂.
5. At the beginning of the passage, the writer leads in the topic by _________.
A. telling a story B. giving examples
C. answering questions D. showing a map
6. According to Paragraph 3, the experiment by Asch shows _________.
A. following others is always right
B. social proof may change people’s ideas
C. it’s difficult to carry out the experiment
D. people can study better if they are alone
7. The underlined word ＂It＂ in Paragraph 4 refers to _________.
A. running with others B. hunting with friends
C. copying others’ action D. doing something different
8. According to the passage, we can infer(推断) that _________.
A. it’s important to run with others anytime
B. products in the advertisement are the best
C. we mustn’t copy others’ action to keep safe
D. we need to think twice before following others
【文章大意】本文主要通过一些社会现象以及科学家做的实验，告诉大家不要盲目随波逐流。
5. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段可知，分别讲了在公园和在音乐会上的两种现象——别人抬头看天空你也会不自觉地看天空，别人在音乐会上鼓掌，不一会儿整个屋子的人都会跟着鼓掌。通过这两个例子引出本文主题，故答案选B。
6. B【解析】细节理解题。根据文中第3段中的信息It shows how social proof can influence us. 它说明了社会认同感是如何影响我们的；故答案选B。
7. C【解析】词义猜测题。根据上文We are descendants(后代) of those who copied others’ action. 我们是那些复制他人行为的人的后代。结合本句It is so deeply planted in our mind它深深的植入了我们的思想中，＂它＂指的就是复制其他人的行为这件事；故答案选C。
8. D【解析】推理判断题。根据文章我们可以推断，在追随其他人之前，我们需要再三考虑. 恰巧这也是整篇文章的主旨，不要盲目随波逐流。故答案选D。