Passage 16（2019 •贵州省安顺市）
As we all know, the "rice bowl" culture of China has influenced some Asian countries such as Japan, Korea and Vietnam since we started to use chopsticks while eating food.
Chopsticks are usually two long thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. (1) The most important thing is that chopsticks are a great invention in China.
Five thousand years ago people usually cooked their food in large pots, using twigs（小树枝）to remove it. (2) the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces. (3)Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs by people .And twigs were gradually changed into chopsticks.
Some people think that the famous scholar Confucius living from about 551 BC to 479 BC pushed the development of chopsticks. Confucius believed that using chopsticks instead of knives would remind people to stay away from killing and violence at table.
We enjoy our delicious food with our family members or friends while feeling the peaceful and people-loving world by using chopsticks at table anytime.
21．请将1处下划线的句子译成中文：
______________________________________________________________________
22．在2空处填入一个使语意连贯的连词：
______________________________________________________________________
23．What materials can be used to make chopsticks?
____________________________________________________________________
24．请将3处被动语态的句子转化为主动语态的句子。
________________________________________________________________
25．What is a possible title for this passage?
_______________________________________________________________________
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文主要谈论中国的筷子。筷子是中国的一项伟大的发明。筷子可以用木头、竹子、塑料、动物骨或金属制成。孔子推动了筷子的发展。
21．最重要的是筷子是中国的一项伟大发明。
【解析】句意：最重要的是筷子是中国的一项伟大发明。考查英译汉。本句是表语从句，主语The most important thing最重要的事情，表语是that chopsticks are a great invention in China：筷子是中国的一项伟大发明；故答案是最重要的是筷子是中国的一项伟大发明。
22．As / When/ After
【解析】句意：随着人口的增长，人们开始把食物切成小块。/当人口增长时，人们开始把食物切成小块。/人口增长后，人们开始把食物切成小块。考查细节理解。根据上文Five thousand years ago people usually cooked their food in large pots, using twigs（小树枝）to remove it.（5000年前，人们通常用大锅煮食物，用树枝把它拿开。）可知“随着人口的增长/当人口增长时/人口增长后，人们开始把食物切成小块。”可知填As / When/ After。
23．Wood, bamboo, plastic, animal bone and metal.
【解析】题意：什么材料可以用来做筷子？考查细节理解。根据第2段第1句Chopsticks are usually two long thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal.（筷子通常是两根长而薄的木头或竹子。它们也可以由塑料、动物骨或金属制成。）可知筷子用木头、竹子、塑料、动物骨或金属制成；故答案是Wood, bamboo, plastic, animal bone and metal.。
24．People could eat food in small pieces easily with twigs.／People could easily eat food in small pieces with twigs.
【解析】题意：请将3处被动语态的句子转化为主动语态的句子。主动语态改为被动语态时，分三步，1. 被动语态的中加by+动作执行者（by people），改为主动语态的主语。2. 被动语态的句子的谓语动词“could be+动词的过去分词”（could be eaten），改为could +动词原形（could eat）；3.被动语态的主语（Food），在主动语态中作宾语；其他成分照抄。故此句Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs by people .改为主动语态是People could eat food in small pieces easily with twigs.／People could easily eat food in small pieces with twigs.。
25．Chopsticks Culture/ Chopsticks/Culture of Chinese Chopsticks at table/ A great invention一chopsticks
【解析】题意：这篇文章可能的标题是什么？考查主旨理解。本文主要谈论中国的筷子。根据本文主要内容这篇文章可能的标题是Chopsticks Culture（筷子文化）/ Chopsticks（筷子）/Culture of Chinese Chopsticks at table（餐桌的中国筷子文化）/ A great invention------chopsticks.（一项伟大的发明----筷子）。
As we all know, the "rice bowl" culture of China has influenced some Asian countries such as Japan, Korea and Vietnam since we started to use chopsticks while eating food.
Chopsticks are usually two long thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. (1) The most important thing is that chopsticks are a great invention in China.
Five thousand years ago people usually cooked their food in large pots, using twigs（小树枝）to remove it. (2) the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces. (3)Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs by people .And twigs were gradually changed into chopsticks.
Some people think that the famous scholar Confucius living from about 551 BC to 479 BC pushed the development of chopsticks. Confucius believed that using chopsticks instead of knives would remind people to stay away from killing and violence at table.
We enjoy our delicious food with our family members or friends while feeling the peaceful and people-loving world by using chopsticks at table anytime.
21．请将1处下划线的句子译成中文：
______________________________________________________________________
22．在2空处填入一个使语意连贯的连词：
______________________________________________________________________
23．What materials can be used to make chopsticks?
____________________________________________________________________
24．请将3处被动语态的句子转化为主动语态的句子。
________________________________________________________________
25．What is a possible title for this passage?
_______________________________________________________________________
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文主要谈论中国的筷子。筷子是中国的一项伟大的发明。筷子可以用木头、竹子、塑料、动物骨或金属制成。孔子推动了筷子的发展。
21．最重要的是筷子是中国的一项伟大发明。
【解析】句意：最重要的是筷子是中国的一项伟大发明。考查英译汉。本句是表语从句，主语The most important thing最重要的事情，表语是that chopsticks are a great invention in China：筷子是中国的一项伟大发明；故答案是最重要的是筷子是中国的一项伟大发明。
22．As / When/ After
【解析】句意：随着人口的增长，人们开始把食物切成小块。/当人口增长时，人们开始把食物切成小块。/人口增长后，人们开始把食物切成小块。考查细节理解。根据上文Five thousand years ago people usually cooked their food in large pots, using twigs（小树枝）to remove it.（5000年前，人们通常用大锅煮食物，用树枝把它拿开。）可知“随着人口的增长/当人口增长时/人口增长后，人们开始把食物切成小块。”可知填As / When/ After。
23．Wood, bamboo, plastic, animal bone and metal.
【解析】题意：什么材料可以用来做筷子？考查细节理解。根据第2段第1句Chopsticks are usually two long thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal.（筷子通常是两根长而薄的木头或竹子。它们也可以由塑料、动物骨或金属制成。）可知筷子用木头、竹子、塑料、动物骨或金属制成；故答案是Wood, bamboo, plastic, animal bone and metal.。
24．People could eat food in small pieces easily with twigs.／People could easily eat food in small pieces with twigs.
【解析】题意：请将3处被动语态的句子转化为主动语态的句子。主动语态改为被动语态时，分三步，1. 被动语态的中加by+动作执行者（by people），改为主动语态的主语。2. 被动语态的句子的谓语动词“could be+动词的过去分词”（could be eaten），改为could +动词原形（could eat）；3.被动语态的主语（Food），在主动语态中作宾语；其他成分照抄。故此句Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs by people .改为主动语态是People could eat food in small pieces easily with twigs.／People could easily eat food in small pieces with twigs.。
25．Chopsticks Culture/ Chopsticks/Culture of Chinese Chopsticks at table/ A great invention一chopsticks
【解析】题意：这篇文章可能的标题是什么？考查主旨理解。本文主要谈论中国的筷子。根据本文主要内容这篇文章可能的标题是Chopsticks Culture（筷子文化）/ Chopsticks（筷子）/Culture of Chinese Chopsticks at table（餐桌的中国筷子文化）/ A great invention------chopsticks.（一项伟大的发明----筷子）。
