Passage 67【2020 •湖南省常德市中考】
What are coronaviruses? Coronaviruses were discovered in the 1960s. They are a group of viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds. In humans, coronaviruses cause respiratory tract infections.
The new coronavirus. At the end of 2019, a new type of coronavirus started spreading in China. This type of coronavirus is often called 2019-nCoV, novel coronavirus, or COVID-19. It is believed that the virus was transmitted from animals to humans. Some of the first cases were diagnosed in people who had visited a market selling live seafood and animals. Unfortunately, when viruses are transmitted from animals to people it can take scientists a lot of time before they can develop a vaccine or medicines to cure it.
How does the virus spread? The virus appears to spread mainly from person to person. The transmission occurs when someone comes into contact with an infected person. For example, a cough, a sneeze or a handshake could cause transmission. The spread may also be caused by coming into contact with something an infected person has touched and then touching your mouth, nose or eyes.
1. When were coronaviruses discovered?
A. In the 1960s. B. In the 1970s. C. In the 1980s.
2. Where did the new coronaviruses start spreading at the end of 2019?
A. In China. B. In America. C. All over the world.
3. Is it easy for the doctors to cure COVID-19?
A. Yes, it is. B. No, it isn’t. C. Not mentioned.
4. How many ways are mentioned for the spread of the new coronaviruses?
A. 1 B. 2. C. 3.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。主要讲了三方面的内容：1.什么是冠状病毒？2.新型冠状病毒；3.病毒是如何传播的？
1.A【解析】细节理解题。根据“ Coronaviruses were discovered in the 1960s.”可知，冠状病毒是在20世纪60年代发现的。故选A。
2.A【解析】细节理解题。根据“At the end of 2019, a new type of coronavirus started spreading in China.”可知，2019年底，新型冠状病毒开始在中国蔓延，故选A。
3.B【解析】细节理解题。根据“Unfortunately, when viruses are transmitted from animals to people，it can take scientists a lot of time before they can develop a vaccine or medicines to cure it.”（不幸的是，当病毒从动物传播给人类时，科学家要花很长时间才能研制出治疗病毒的疫苗或药物。）可知，文中提到专家研制治疗病毒的疫苗或药物需要很长时间,故不容易治疗，选B。
4.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，病毒人传人的方式有两种：1.与被感染者接触；2.接触了被感染者接触过的东西。故选B。
What are coronaviruses? Coronaviruses were discovered in the 1960s. They are a group of viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds. In humans, coronaviruses cause respiratory tract infections.
The new coronavirus. At the end of 2019, a new type of coronavirus started spreading in China. This type of coronavirus is often called 2019-nCoV, novel coronavirus, or COVID-19. It is believed that the virus was transmitted from animals to humans. Some of the first cases were diagnosed in people who had visited a market selling live seafood and animals. Unfortunately, when viruses are transmitted from animals to people it can take scientists a lot of time before they can develop a vaccine or medicines to cure it.
How does the virus spread? The virus appears to spread mainly from person to person. The transmission occurs when someone comes into contact with an infected person. For example, a cough, a sneeze or a handshake could cause transmission. The spread may also be caused by coming into contact with something an infected person has touched and then touching your mouth, nose or eyes.
| virus 病毒 mammal 哺乳动物 respiratory 呼吸的 infection 感染 transmit 传染 case 病例 diagnose 诊断 cure 治愈 occur 发生 contact 接触 |
1. When were coronaviruses discovered?
A. In the 1960s. B. In the 1970s. C. In the 1980s.
2. Where did the new coronaviruses start spreading at the end of 2019?
A. In China. B. In America. C. All over the world.
3. Is it easy for the doctors to cure COVID-19?
A. Yes, it is. B. No, it isn’t. C. Not mentioned.
4. How many ways are mentioned for the spread of the new coronaviruses?
A. 1 B. 2. C. 3.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。主要讲了三方面的内容：1.什么是冠状病毒？2.新型冠状病毒；3.病毒是如何传播的？
1.A【解析】细节理解题。根据“ Coronaviruses were discovered in the 1960s.”可知，冠状病毒是在20世纪60年代发现的。故选A。
2.A【解析】细节理解题。根据“At the end of 2019, a new type of coronavirus started spreading in China.”可知，2019年底，新型冠状病毒开始在中国蔓延，故选A。
3.B【解析】细节理解题。根据“Unfortunately, when viruses are transmitted from animals to people，it can take scientists a lot of time before they can develop a vaccine or medicines to cure it.”（不幸的是，当病毒从动物传播给人类时，科学家要花很长时间才能研制出治疗病毒的疫苗或药物。）可知，文中提到专家研制治疗病毒的疫苗或药物需要很长时间,故不容易治疗，选B。
4.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，病毒人传人的方式有两种：1.与被感染者接触；2.接触了被感染者接触过的东西。故选B。
